Endoscopic stenting of the bile ducts is efficacious in treating biliary complications related to RL-LDLT with duct-to-duct biliary anastomosis and the stenting should be attempted before surgical revision of strictures and leakages.

In addition to ATP and ultrastructure, preconditioning preserved CP and pHi during sustained ischemia. These protective effects might be due to overshoot phenomenon of CP and/or reduced ATP consumption. The relatively longer period of preservation of pHi, which probably is the result of reduced ATP consumption, indicates its greater contribution to reducing infarct size than that of CP and ATP.

Donors of right-lobe grafts have a significantly higher incidence of biliary complications than donors of left-lobe grafts. When conservative therapy fails, endoscopic treatment is effective for these complications, and should be attempted as the first-line therapy before surgical repair.

Preconditioning improves energy metabolism during reperfusion, although it does not attenuate myocardial stunning for at least 2 hours after reperfusion.

DCS combination chemotherapy is highly active against unresectable metastatic gastric cancer and can be given safely with proper management of adverse events. Further studies of this combination are warranted.