Esophagitis dissecans superficialis (EDS) is a rare and severe endoscopic finding characterized by sloughing of large fragments of esophageal mucosal lining. Although EDS has been reported in association with serious illnesses and certain medications, the pathophysiological association of autoimmune bullous dermatoses with EDS has gained remarkable attention. Among these dermatoses, pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigoid frequently present with various types of esophageal involvement including EDS. We review the pathophysiology and clinical features of this involvement with the presentation of our experiences. The importance of endoscopic evaluation of this entity is discussed.

We present experimental results of elastic constants as a function of temperature (T ) and magnetic field (H) for a single crystal of PrTi 2 Al 20 for the first time. A clear elastic softening was observed in the temperature dependence of elastic constants, C L =(C 11 +2C 12 +4C 44 )/3 and C T =(C 11 -C 12 +C 44 )/3, being suggestive of a remarkable fluctuation of quadrupolar moments O 20 and O 22 with Γ 3 symmetry. The elastic anomaly associated with a phase transition at 2.0 K exhibits the ferroquadrupolar (FQ) phase behavior under magnetic fields in accordance with the other physical properties such as magnetic susceptibility and specific heat. The softening can be explained well based on the crystalline electric field (CEF) effect model with a Γ 3 ground state. Furthermore, it was found that a coupling constant of the inter-site interaction between relevant quadrupolar moments is positive, indicating the FQ interaction mediated in this system. We argue the FQ scenario and 4 f multiplets of Pr 3+ split by CEF effect in PrTi 2 Al 20

We have investigated the elastic constant C 33 of Ba(Fe 1−x Co x ) 2 As 2 with eight different Co concentrations by ultrasonic measurement. We found remarkable elastic anomalies near the quantum critical point. We have studied them by measuring the electrical resistivity, heat capacity, and ultrasonic attenuation in addition to the elastic constant. These results have revealed that the inter-layer three-dimensional properties appearing in C 33 to be possibly originated from the magnetic character of these materials. Our data about the elastic constant C 33 highlight the importance of controlling the c−axis length in the emergence of superconductivity in iron-based superconductors.

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Objective: In this study, we propose a voice index to identify healthy individuals, patients with bipolar disorder, and patients with major depressive disorder using polytomous logistic regression analysis.Methods: Voice features were extracted from voices of healthy individuals and patients with mental disease. Polytomous logistic regression analysis was performed for some voice features.Results: With the prediction model obtained using the analysis, we identified subject groups and were able to classify subjects into three groups with 90.79% accuracy.Conclusion: These results show that the proposed index may be used as a new evaluation index to identify depression.