Background: DNA gyrase catalyzes ATP-dependent negative DNA supercoiling. Results: Deletion of the acidic C-terminal tail causes stronger DNA bending by the B. subtilis gyrase C-terminal domains and accelerated DNA-stimulated ATPase and supercoiling activities of gyrase. Conclusion: The C-tail down-regulates negative supercoiling by B. subtilis gyrase. Significance: The C-tail is a versatile element that differentially regulates the activity of different gyrases.

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