We investigated the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in chicken meat in Western Algeria in 2017. Results: From February to July 2017, samples of chicken meat from three poultry farms in Western Algeria were screened for the presence of CPE. Strains were characterized with regard to antibiotic resistance, blactamase content, Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance, sulfonamide resistance genes, clonality (repetitive sequence-based profiles and multilocus sequence typing) and virulence traits. Of 181 samples analyzed, 29 (16.0%) carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected. Twenty-three OXA-48-producers (79.3%) and six (20.7%) New Delhi metallo (NDM)-1-producers were observed. Clonality analysis showed three distinct lineages and clonal expansions of the OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae ST48 and the NDM-1producing K. pneumoniae ST101. These isolates harbored fimH, ureA, mrkD, entB, uge, and wabG. Neither capsular serotype genes nor hypermucoviscous phenotype were detected. Plasmid analysis confirmed that all these isolates harbored the transferable IncL and IncFIIK plasmids. Conclusions: This study reports the spread of OXA-48 and NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae ST48 and ST101 in chicken meat in Western Algeria and demonstrates that food represents a reservoir of the carbapenemases encoding genes.

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Antifungal of bee products have been shown to be protective against microbial biofilms invasion Sahara honey and propolis were applied as an antimicrobial in treatment for many infections in Algeria. In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was utilized to characterize the chemical structures and functional groups. In addition, in this study, we determined the anti-candida activity of honey used alone or in combination with propolis. Proteins, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, free amino acids, cellulose and lipids, ketones and phenol compounds were identified by FTIR analysis. Combination of Sahara honey and propolis increased antifungal efficacy, compared to compounds tested alone. Propolis increased the anti-candidal effect of Sahara honey. In addition, the treatment of Sahara honey and Propolis-Sahara honey catheters with a Candida albicans biofilms reduced biofilm formation after 24 and 48-h exposure period. The results provide evidence that honey/propolis combination may help in designing a more potent novel, natural antibiofilm blend at sufficiently low concentrations in medical domain.

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This work aimed to assess the impact of a diet based on green pastures of steppe rangelands and another based on a concentrate diet, on the composition of the intramuscular lipid fraction of different sections of the biceps femoral muscle of lambs, in two regions of the wilaya of Tiaret, in winter and in spring. The biceps femoral muscle sample collection came from 20 different lamb carcasses (10 samples for each of our two study regions, with 05 samples for each season). These samples were taken on different occasions in large butcher shops. Total SFA content in both regions shows dominance in lambs from the regimen concentrate, that C 16: 0 and C 18: 0 are the most dominant. There is no remarkable difference in total MUFA content, and on individual monounsaturated FA, between the two regimens. In both regions, the most dominant FAs in the intramuscular lipid fraction of pasture lambs are C18: 3n3 followed by C18: 2n6 cis-9, C20: 4n6, C20: 5n3, and C22: 6n3, compared to those from concentrate regimen; however, lambs from Chehaima concentrate regimen had the most dominant FA in their intramuscular fat, C18: 3n6 followed by C20: 4n6, compared to those from pastures of Naima. The values of the ratio n-6 / n-3 correspond to the nutritional recommendations. The feed ratio ΣPUFA / ΣSFA of lambs from pastures in the Chehaima region is the only one that corresponds to the desired value. Based on this research, it is concluded that lambs that have grazed grass in steppe rangelands have the richest meat in omega 3, which is more desirable and benefits for human health.