Acute alithiasic cholecystitis (AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. It is a rare pathology in children. The aim was to describe the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of this disease. Materials and Method: This was a 3-year retrospective study (January 2008 to December 2010) including 66 patient records collected for CAA. Results: The frequency of AAC was 3.57%, the mean age of the patients was 8 ± 3.52 years, and there were 36 boys and 30 girls. The main clinical features were right hypochondrial pain (66 cases), positive Murphy's (66 cases), fever (53 cases) and jaundice or sub-jaundice (51 cases). The main ultrasound signs were thickened vesicular wall 50 cas (75.76%), vesicular distension 50cas (75.76%) and positive ultrasound Murphy 47 cas (71.21%). Medical treatment was exclusive in 64 patients (96.97%) and surgical treatment in 2 patients (3.03%). Conclusion: Acute alithiasic cholecystitis is a rare pathology in children, the clinical picture is not very specific and abdominal ultrasound is the key to early diagnosis. Conservative treatment is the first choice in the absence of any complications.

Introduction: Ovarian cysts are rare pathologies in infants. They represent 1% to 2% of all abdominal tumors in children. Abdominal pain is the most frequent initial sign. Sometimes the discovery is fortuitous, revealed by an abdominal ultrasound. We report here the case of an ovarian cyst in an infant in order to clarify the diagnostic and therapeutic particularities. Patient and observation: 2-year-old infant, female, weighing 12 kg and with no particular pathological history, was admitted to our department for pain plus abdominal mass evolving for 2 months. The clinical examination had noted: a mass ranging from FID to hypogastrium, painless, of firm consistency, with regular contour, with a smooth and mobile surface in relation to the deep plane. The abdominal ultrasound performed had concluded to a mesenteric cyst. The treatment consisted of a monobloc total cystectomy with preservation of the healthy ovarian tissue by a transverse laparotomy under the umbilical. The postoperative course was simple; the histological study of the surgical specimen had concluded to a serous cystadenoma. Conclusion: Ovarian cysts are benign tumors in most cases. Abdominal pain is the most common initial symptom at any age. Sometimes they can be incidentally discovered by ultrasound. The preservation of healthy ovarian tissue in the rules of oncological surgery allows the preservation of subsequent fertility.

Introduction:Inguinal hernias containing the uterus, adnexa, and fallopian tubes in preterm infants is a clinical entity very rarely reported in the literature. The case is reported to alert the exiguous frequency of this clinical entity and to remind that surgical repair can be simple and classical.Case report: A girl of 54 days of age was received in outpatient clinic for a firm and painless left non-expansive inguinal swelling born prematurely. Surgery through an open inguinal approach was scheduled and performed after two weeks. The sac contained the uterus, adnexa, and tubes. Contralateral exploration found a residual sac which was also repaired. The postoperative course was simple.Discussion: Embryologically there is no reliable explanation why the uterus and its adnexa should be herniated in the girl. The majority of authors agree that the elongation of the suspensory ligaments of the ovaries and the non-fusion of the mullerian ducts are factors that increase the mobility of these ducts and are therefore a possibility of deviation. Despite the rarity of this clinical presentation, dissociation of the sac from its sac can be easy and a classical cure by ligation and upper resection of the sac is a possibility. Conclusion:We would like to point out, in addition to the small frequency of this clinical entity, that the surgical cure is classic like any hernia in children. We recommend a contralateral exploration.

Pubo-penile testicular ectopia is a rare congenital malformation whose etiopathogenesis remains poorly understood. It represents other testicular ectopias less than 1% of all testicular migration disorders. We report a clinical observation of a 4-month-old infant who consulted for swelling at the root of the penis associated with vacuity of the right hemi scrotum. An inguinal ultrasound was performed which confirmed the presence of the right testicle. An orchidopexy was performed at 4 months of life by an inguinal approach, the postoperative course was simple with a follow-up of 6 months.