A superabsorbent composite was synthesized through free‐radical graft copolymerization of carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide, and montmorillonite by means of a crosslinker such as N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate as an initiator. The preparation mechanism was proposed, and the composite structures were confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope. The factors influencing the swelling capacity of the composite were determined to accomplish the highly swelling capacity. The composition (15 wt% carboxymethyl cellulose, 5.4 wt% montmorillonite, 82 wt% acrylamide, 0.07 wt% N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide, and 1.1 wt% potassium persulfate) exhibited high swelling capacity; it was selected to be loaded with urea fertilizer, and the release was investigated by measuring the conductivity. The results showed that the new controlled release system has good slow release properties.
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