The present study examined the in vitro and in vivo effect of salbutamol on IgE production in the mouse. The present results show that salbutamol potentiates the in vitro interleukin 4 (IL-4)-induced IgE production from lipopolysaccharide-activated murine B lymphocytes. This effect is dose-dependent and is observed at concentrations above 10 nM. In vivo, when ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were treated with a daily injection of salbutamol, an increase of the anti-OA IgE levels in the serum was observed as compared to sensitized animals. Such an effect was observed at doses above 1 μg/kg and was maximal at 10 μg/kg. Treatment of sensitized mice with salbutamol increased the ex vivo production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10 from concanavalin A-activated splenocytes whereas no modification of IFN-γ synthetis was noticed as compared to nontreated sensitized control mice. These results demonstrate that β₂-adrenoceptor agonist stimulation results in an increase in IgE production both in vitro and in vivo in the mice. At least in vivo, they also suggest that the effect of this drug could be explained by an increase of the production of Th2-type lymphokines.

In this paper, we investigate the commutativity of a Banach algebra [Formula: see text] provided with a continuous derivation satisfying algebraic identities involving nonvoid open subsets of [Formula: see text] Furthermore, we provide examples to show that various restrictions in the hypothesis of our theorems are not superfluous.

Die ^-Oxo-und /^-NitridoverbindungenK4M2OX10 und K 3M2N X 8(H20 )2 mit M = Ru(IV), Re(IV), Os(IV) und X = Cl, Br (bei Os auch X = J ) sind seit langem bekannt1. Ihre zweikernige Struktur wurde aber erst später durch röntgenographische2-3 und schwingungsspektroskopische Untersuchungen 4>5 nachgewiesen. In den bisherigen spektroskopischen Arbeiten 4-5 wurden die symmetrische und anti symmetrische Valenzschwingung sowie die Defor mationsschwingung der linearen MOM-bzw. MNMGruppe auf der Basis eines Dreimassenmodells zu geordnet. Eine solche Vereinfachung ist aber wegen der Kopplung der vsM20 bzw. vsM2N mit der sym metrischen Valenzschwingung der axial gebundenen Liganden sowie der <3M 20 bzw. <3M 2N mit der ,rocking"-Schwingung der MX4-Gruppen nicht zu lässig. Gef. Ru 15,9 Br 59,8 N(CH3)4 23,0.

Let A be a Banach algebra over R or C with center Z(A). In this paper, we show that, if a non-injective continuous derivation of A satisfies some local differential identities, then A must be commutative. We give several applications, and we provide examples to show that some hypotheses of our theorems are necessary.

Let 𝑥 be a Banach algebra. In this article, on the one hand, we proved some results concerning the continuous projection from 𝑥 to its center. On the other hand, we investigate the commutativity of 𝑥 under specific conditions. Finally, we included some examples and applications to prove that various restrictions in the hypotheses of our theorems are necessary.