Background. Bariatric surgery is an important field of surgery. An important complication of bariatric surgery is dumping syndrome (DS). Aims. To evaluate the incidence of DS in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods. 541 patients included from 5 nutrition and bariatric centers in France underwent either LSG or LRYGB. They were evaluated at 1 month (M1) and 6 months (M6) postoperatively by an interview and completion of a dumping syndrome questionnaire. Results. 268 patients underwent LSG (Group A) and 273 underwent LRYGB. From the LRYGB patients 229 had mechanical gastrojejunoanal anastomosis with 30 mm linear stapler (Group B) and 44 had manual (hand sewn) 15 mm gastrojejunal anastomosis (Group C). Overall incidence of DS was 8.5% at M1 and M6. In LSG group (Group A), only 4 patients (1.49%) reported episodes of DS at M1 and 3 (1.12%) at M6. In Group B, 41 patients (17.90%) reported episodes of DS at M1 and 43 (18.78%) at M6. Group C experienced one case (2.27%) of DS at M1 and none (0%) at M6. Conclusions. Patients undergoing LRYGB, especially with larger gastrojejunal anastomosis, are more prone to developing DS following surgery than patients undergoing LSG or LRYGB with calibrated manual anastomosis.

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We present a novel practical and provably secure key sharing scheme for Near Field Communication (NFC) devices. The scheme is based on sharing secret keys using the noisy wireless channel. We present two schemes based on the different modes of operation of typical NFC devices. Our numerical results establish the achievability of vanishing secrecy rates using the proposed techniques. Implementation of our proposed schemes on NFC-enabled Android and Nokia phones verifies our theoretical analysis and demonstrates the efficiency of our techniques in mitigating attacks at the expense of a minimal increase in the link setup time and a small loss in goodput. In addition, the proposed techniques have the advantage of both increased secrecy and goodput as the data packet length increases. This highlights their suitability for a wide range of NFC applications.

The amino acids citrulline, ornithine and arginine, total serum proteins, serum enzymes glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases, blood ammonia and urea were measured in 20 marasmic children with manifest psychomotor changes, before and after nutritional rehabilitation, as well as in 10 healthy age-matched children. Serum protein levels were significantly low and plasma ammonia concentrations were significantly elevated in marasmic children before refeeding (177 +/- 66 micrograms/dl). Plasma ammonia concentrations decreased significantly after 4 weeks of nutritional rehabilitation (38 +/- 18 micrograms/dl). The levels of blood urea, serum enzymes, citrulline arginine, and ornithine did not differ among the study groups. These findings denote that hyperammonemia in marasmic children is neither due to defective hepatic function nor due to enzymatic blockade in the urea cycle.

Introduction Oesophagogastric resections continue to be a major surgical challenge with high morbidity, this has led to a worldwide trend for centralisation of these complex surgeries. However, there is no clear agreement on what constitutes a high-volume centre, leading to worldwide disparity. We evaluate our experience of oesophagogastric resection in a small volume unit to seek other factors that influence patient outcome. Methods We analysed 173 consecutive oesophagogastric resection from 2010 to 2020. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality and secondary outcome included peri-operative morbidity, length of stay, lymph node harvest, R0 resection. Collected continuous data were compared using the Mann-Whitney test and categorical data using the chi-squared test and expressed as p value. Results Of the 173 patients, 94 (54%) underwent hybrid minimal invasive esophagectomy (HIMO) and 79 (46%) underwent gastrectomy. 135 (78%) patients received Neoadjuvant therapy. The site of tumour was GOJ in 29%, distal stomach in 26% and distal oesophagus in 20%. Perioperative morbidity was observed in 18 (19%) after esophagectomy and 9 (11.4%) after gastrectomy. The median lymph node harvest was 18 (range 5–42) and 168 patients (97%) had longitudinal R0 resection. The most common complication was neurological seen in 3.6% followed by pulmonary complication and anastomotic leak seen in 5 patients (3%) each. The median in hospital stay was 6 days and the 30 day mortality was 2.9% with one year survival of 87%. Conclusion Small volume centres can produce comparable results. The outcomes depend on multifold parameters which include surgeon's experience in the field, ability to adhere to protocols and procedures and strong interpersonal relationship with individual patients.