Introduction. The possible risk factors for chronic kidney disease in transplant recipients have not been thoroughly investigated after living-donor liver transplantation. Material and Methods. A retrospective cohort study of consecutive adults who underwent living-donor liver transplantation between May 2004 and October 2016, in a single center, was conducted. Kidney function was investigated successively for all the patients throughout the study period, with 12 months being the shortest follow-up. Postoperative renal dysfunction was defined in accordance with the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration criteria. The patients' demographic data, preoperative and intraoperative parameters, and outcomes were recorded. A calcineurin inhibitor-based immunosuppressive regimen, either tacrolimus or cyclosporine, was used in all the patients. Results. Of the 413 patients included in the study, 33 (8%) who survived for ≥1 year experienced chronic kidney disease 1 year after living-donor liver transplantation. Twenty-seven variables were studied to compare between the patients with normal kidney functions and those who developed chronic kidney disease 1 year after living-donor liver transplantation. Univariate regression analysis for predicting the likelihood of chronic kidney disease at 1 year revealed that the following 4 variables were significant: operative time, P < 0.0005; intraoperative blood loss, P < 0.0005; preoperative renal impairment, P = 0.001; and graft-to-recipient weight ratio (as a negative predictor), P < 0.0005. In the multivariate regression analysis, only 2 variables remained as independent predictors of chronic kidney disease at 1 year, namely, operative time with a cutoff value of ≥714 minutes and graft-to-recipient weight ratio as a negative predictor with a cutoff value of <0.91. Conclusion. In this study, prolonged operative time and small graft-to-recipient weight ratio were independent predictors of chronic kidney disease at 1 year after living-donor liver transplantation.

Objectives: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of chronic abdominal wall pain (CAWP) in the gastroenterology clinic unit (GCU) and investigated the criteria of CAWP patients.Therapeutic trials to control such annoying problem were investigated. Methods: The study had two stages; the first stage was a cross-sectional analysis of the adult patients who were suffering from chronic abdominal pain. Patients reporting a score value ≥ 10 on the Questionnaire of CAWP in addition to a positive Carnett´s sign were included in this study. Included patients were subjected to study the criteria of CAWP. The second stage was a randomized clinical trial where anti-neuropathic drugs (e.g. pregabalin-carbamazepine-amitriptyline) were used. Results: CAWP was diagnosed in 30.6% of the screened patients. 76% were female. Upper right quadrant pain was reported in 48.1%. Delay in diagnosis was reported to be 9.14±8.9 months. Misdiagnosis as cholecystitis, peptic ulcer disease and irritable bowel syndrome was reported. 94.4 % of treated patients showed a satisfactory response to anti-neuropathic medications. 5.6 % was successfully controlled by local injection. Significant lower Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was reported after 2 weeks and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 months of the treatment plan implementation when compared to the basal value (p. < 0.001). Conclusions: CAWP was identified in 30.6% of the patients complaining of chronic abdominal pain. Multiple physician consultations, delayed diagnosis, misdiagnosis with subsequent mistreatment were common. While, anti-neuropathic drugs are an effective tool in most cases of CAWP, trigger point injection represents an alternative line of treatment.