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This research paper provides an historical analysis of urbanization in Egypt and its relationships to her incorporation into the world capitalist economy during the last two centuries. My major concern is to discover more about the following issues: (1) the historical reasons for the structural disjunction of the peasant population from rural areas; and (2) the dynamics of rural–urban migration and the problem of overconcentration of population in a few major urban centers.

In this article, we examine the status of Iranian graduate students as stepwise global skilled migrants who enrol at Turkish universities, but with the intention of moving to their final destination country in the West. Based on survey data we analyse their migration strategies and career plans at mezzo-level, and conclude that more than 72 per cent of respondents can indeed be classified as stepwise migrants. First, Turkey is a preferred intermediate country particularly for migration of Iranian graduate students of Turkish‐Azeri ethnolinguistic origins. Second, they use social media to communicate with a global social network of friends to facilitate their move to the final destination country. Third, equipped with accumulated ‘migrant capital’ in Turkey they select a final target country based on its employment prospects, extent of democratic freedoms and the quality of higher education. Finally, while in Turkey, as job seekers they also monitor fluctuations in global demands for skilled workers in their respective disciplines.

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has offered a certification program in teaching sociology for graduate students since 1976. This program promotes and recognizes the importance of university teaching and provides systematic preparation for such teaching. The program includes four components: teaching assistant workshop, seminar in teaching sociology, sociotogy teaching practicum and oral examination. The strengths and weaknesses ofthe program are evaluated and suggestions for improvement of the program are included.