Abstrak: Kajian ini menggunakan dua fasa percubaan pemakanan untuk menentukan pengaruh prebiotik dan probiotik yang terpilih ke atas pertumbuhan, pengambilan makanan, dan perubahan morfologi ke atas anak ikan haruan (Channa striata) dan juga kesan yang dialami dalam tempoh kajian tanpa penggunaan diet tambahan. Tiga kumpulan ikan (22.46 ± 0.17 g) dibesarkan menggunakan enam diet yang berbeza: tiga prebiotik (0.2% β-glucan, 1% galakto-oligosakarida [GOS], dan 0.5% mannanoligosakarida [MOS]), dua probiotik (1% yis hidup [Saccharomyces cerevisiae] dan 0.01% serbuk Lactobacillus acidophilus [LBA]) dan satu diet kawalan (tanpa makanan tambahan); setiap rawatan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali. Semua diet mengandungi 40% protein mentah dan 12% lipid mentah. Ikan-ikan ini diberi makan sebanyak tiga kali sehari. Tiada kematian ikan direkodkan semasa Fasa 1 dijalankan. Walau bagaimanapun, 14% kematian telah direkodkan semasa Fasa 2 untuk ikan-ikan prebiotik dan kawalan. Pada akhir Fasa 1, prestasi pertumbuhan dan penggunaan makanan adalah lebih tinggi (p<0.05) dalam ikan yang dirawat menggunakan LBA, diikuti oleh yis hidup, berbanding dengan diet yang lain. Pertumbuhan ikan dalam tiga diet prebiotik tidak jauh berbeza antara satu sama lain tetapi pertumbuhan ikan yang menggunakan diet kawalan sangat tinggi. Dalam Fasa 2 (fasa pemberian makanan), pertumbuhan ikan berterusan sehingga minggu ke-6 untuk diet berasaskan probiotik tetapi mendatar selepas empat minggu untuk ikan yang diberi makan diet prebiotik. Nisbah penukaran makanan (FCR) adalah lebih tinggi terhadap semua rawatan semasa tempoh memberi makan. Indeks hepatosomatik (HSI) tidak berbeza dengan ketara terhadap diet yang diuji. Indeks visceral somatik (VSI) dan intraperitoneal lemak (IPF) adalah paling tinggi dalam diet yang menggunakan LBA dan diet kawalan, masing-masing. Indeks badan berbeza secara ketara (p<0.05) di antara Fasa 1 dan 2. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa diet berasaskan probiotik mempunyai * Corresponding author: hsjewel730@yahoo.com
Mohammad Bodrul Munir et al.
112pengaruh yang positif ke atas pertumbuhan, pengambilan makanan, dan kelangsungan hidup terhadap C. striata berbanding penggunaan diet makanan yang menggunakan prebiotik.
Kata kunci: Prebiotik, Probiotik, Prestasi Pertumbuhan, Ikan Haruan (Channa striata)Abstract: This study used a two-phase feeding trial to determine the influence of selected dietary prebiotics and probiotics on growth performance, feed utilisation, and morphological changes in snakehead (Channa striata) fingerlings as well as the duration of these effects over a post-experimental period without supplementation. Triplicate groups of fish (22.46 ± 0.17 g) were raised on six different treatment diets: three prebiotics (0.2% β-glucan, 1% galacto-oligosaccharides [GOS], 0.5% mannan-oligosaccharides [MOS]), two probiotics (1% live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae] and 0.01% Lactobacillus acidophilus [LBA] powder) and a control (unsupplemented) diet; there were three replicates for each treatment. All diets contained 40% crude prot...
A B S T R A C TThis study examined the effect of dietary prebiotics and probiotics after 16 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of post feeding trial with the control unsupplemented diet on haematological and immune response against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Channa striata fingerlings. Fish were raised on a 40% protein and 12% lipid feed containing three commercial prebiotics (β-glucan, GOS or galacto-oligosaccharide, MOS or mannan-oligosaccharide); and two probiotics-(Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus), respectively and a control. Throughout the study, supplementation with dietary prebiotics and probiotics led to significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the red blood cells, white blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and serum protein level and lysozyme activities; and these improvements were effective significantly (P < 0.05) when the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila at the dose of 2 × 10 6 . The disease resistance against A. hydrophila was higher significantly (P < 0.05) in fish fed with probiotic feed supplements (L.acidophilus was highest) compared to prebiotics and control. The study is the first to report the absence of differences in sustaining the efficacies attained after intake of β-glucan, GOS and MOS upon post-feeding with an unsupplemented feed, over a prolonged period.
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