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Objective: To observe the correlation between fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and Histopathology in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. Methods:It was a Retrospective record review study .One hundred four (104) Patients with enlarged thyroid gland of both sexes were selected from admitted patients of National institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Duration was from January 2017 to December 2018. Every patients had preoperative FNAC & postoperative histopathology report of thyroid lesions. Results: FNACdiagnosis of thyroid lesions were correlated with histopathology diagnosis. Out of 104 patients 26 were male 78 were female. Male-Female ratio were 1:3.out of 104 patients most Patients were 31 to 40 years of ageGroup.out of 104 cases of FNAC 9 cases were false Cyto-diagnosis. Overall accuracy rate was 91.35%. Conclusion: FNAC is a reliable, safe and relatively accurate method as apreoperative evaluationin thyroid gland swelling before surgery. FNAC has more accuracy in detecting thyroid gland malignancy and therefore it is a reliable diagnostic test for evaluation of thyroid swelling. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2021; 27(1): 81-85

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroidectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedure worldwide. During the last century, it became an accepted operation. The aim of the study to observe the outcome of thyroid surgery by lateral approach.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted in department of ENT, National institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2019. A total number of 218 patients of thyroid surgeries were selected as a study sample by simple random sampling technique.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, male to female ratio was 1:4.3 with an age ranges from 10-70 years. Mean age was 38.5±8.10 years. Among the participants, 80 were carcinoma thyroid and 138 were benign thyroid diseases. Out of 138 benign thyroid lesions, nodular goitres were 126 (91.30%), follicular adenoma was 8 (5.79%), and toxic MNG were 4 (2.89%). Among 80 cases of carcinoma thyroid, papillary carcinoma was 75 (93.75%), follicular carcinoma was 2 (2.57%) and medullary carcinoma were 3 (3.75%). 28 patients of carcinoma thyroid presented with neck node metastasis. We could identify 382 (98.96%) of recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLN). Temporary paresis of RLN was 16 (4.16%), permanent RLN palsy was 03 (0.78%). Temporary parathyroid insufficiency was 47 (27.97%), permanent insufficiency was 2 (1.19%) up to one year follow up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Lateral approach to thyroid is a safe alternative to the standard approach for re-explorative thyroid surgery. Lateral approach to thyroid is an alternative to both conventional thyroidectomy and for parathyroid explorations.</p>