Parkinson’s disease is an age related neurodegenerative disease. Pioglitazone is a Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist that has been shown to display a neuroprotective effect in parkinsonian models (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine treated mice). This effect was partially attributed to the ability of thiazolidinedione (TZD) moiety in Pioglitazone to selectively inhibit monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) enzyme. In the current study, we screened several thiazolidine containing compounds against MAO-B enzyme both in silico and in vitro. Based on the resulted data and information from previous literatures, we were able to design a novel scaffold for MAO-B inhibitors. This scaffold (compound 5482440) was able to inhibit MAO-B enzyme with IC50 value of 1.447 μM. Structure-based virtual analysis showed that this compound was able to participate in water-bridge formation and obtain an extended conformation within MAO-B active site.

The increase in the demand for cement to produce large quantities for the purpose of reconstruction produce a large amount of cement kilns dust accordingly. The cement kilns has a cementations property and it's using to treats soil. In this study, sand gravel soil (roads subbase) materials has been used to study the effect of the cement kiln dust (CKD) as a partial replacement with the natural dust of subbase till 20% by weight. Three tests procedures have been adopted which are density-moisture relationship, California bearing ratio (CBR), and unconfined compression strength (UCS). The results show significant increasing in density and optimum moisture content, CBR, and UCS with the increasing of CKD content. Bonds induced by the pozzolanic reaction and the absorption of the free water on particles surfaces approaching each other could the cause of increasing density, forming tighten structure, and raising the CBR% values, this reaction needs more water with increasing of CKD that could be caused increasing in the optimum moisture content. The increasing in UCS results due to stabilizing the materials by CKD increased the ability to use the CKD as alternative material for Portland cement.

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