Cognitive radio has been nominated as a key technology for the internet of things (IoT), due to its intelligent functionalities ensuring continuous connectivity for IoT objects. Spectrum prediction, as one of the core CR functions, has emerged as a leading tool to alleviate the spectrum scarcity problem. Spectrum prediction minimizes sensing and decision-making delays, and thereby it reduces collisions with primary users and guarantees safe access for secondary users (SUs). Thus, it became an inseparable part of many new spectrum alloca-