Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections such as respiratory and urinary tract infections. Conventional norfloxacin tablets show incomplete drug absorption resulting in lower bioavailabilty. Norfloxacin is better absorbed in the stomach. The dosage forms that remain in the stomach are referred to as gastroretentive drug delivery systems. Gastroretentive floating tablets of norfloxcin were developed by employing three different polymers, which prolonged the drug release from the dosage forms. Tablet floatation was achieved by an effervescent mechanism. Citric acid at different concentrations was used in formulations to provide an acidic microenvironment. The prepared tablets were characterized for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, floating lag time, and dissolution. Around 12 tablet formulations were prepared as a continuation of the previous work. The best formulation (F4c) was selected based on in vitro characteristics and used in vivo radiographic studies by incorporating barium sulphate as a radio-opaque agent. The tablets remained in the stomach for about 205 ± 8.4 min. Bioavailability studies were conducted in healthy male human volunteers, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the best formulation were compared with that of the marketed conventional (Norbid) tablet. The increased bioavailability of the developed formulation was found to be 16.27%.

Hidden renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not evident during severe inflammation such as acute pyelonephritis. We presented a 62‐year‐old male presenting with features of obstructive pyelonephritis managed with simple nephrectomy. However, the histopathology findings suggested unilateral papillary RCC. Our case showed that RCC might present with features of obstructive pyelonephritis.

Gastric cancer, third most common cause of death due to cancer and the fifth most common cancer across the world, present with symp-toms like early satiety, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and loss of weight. The common age of presentation lies between 50 to 70 years. Here, we discuss about a case of a 50years old patient presented with chief complaints of pain in the epigastric region, insidious in onset, gradually progressive, burning in nature and associated with early satiety and bloodstained vomiting. Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (UGIE), Endoscopic biopsy and Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) were in favor of Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma obstructing Gastric Outlet. Considering Gastric outlet obstruction, the patient underwent Palliative Gastrojejunostomy and Postoperative Radio chemotherapy. This case emphasizes the significance about considering palliative surgical care in improving the patient compliance and quality of life.