Earl's [1993] five approaches indicates that three bear strong similarities to the 'organisational', 'business-led', and 'administrative' approaches, whilst the fourth cluster is related to both Earl's 'method-driven' and 'technological' approaches. An analysis of the relationship between SISP approach and SISP success, demonstrates that the 'organisational approach' is significantly more successful than the other three approaches.

This paper examines how the external factorsi.e. customers, competitorsthat driven Malaysian SMEs to adopt E-Commerce may influence the benefits these SMEs gained by adopting such technologies. The findings show the SMEs that were driven to adopt E-Commerce by customers demand are less likely to experience the reduction of operational cost. The results also show that SMEs would be able to achieve most of the expected benefits of E-Commerce adoption, if it is aimed as a tool to improve the competitiveness of the business.

This paper presents work in development of a question answering (QA) system by using a combination of two different architectures i.e. the one used relevant documents and another used rule-based method, which those two contribute for answer extraction. Base on previous researches testing result, it could be inferred that each of the methods could be a complement for another method in order to increase system performance. This QA was purposed to gather information from Indonesian Quran Translation. The new architecture was designed to gather relevant documents toward the keywords and be used subsequentially to gather answer candidates by using rule-based method. The initial results indicate that system still restricted with retrieved relevant documents, and caused delivering only 60% correct answers. This achievement is not better than the previous one that used rule-based method only.

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