Adequate knowledge and accurate characterization of root and canal anatomy is an essential prerequisite for successful root canal treatment and endodontic surgery. Over the years, an ever‐increasing body of knowledge related to root and canal anatomy of the human dentition has accumulated. To correct deficiencies in existing systems, a new coding system for classifying root and canal morphology, accessory canals and anomalies has been introduced. In recent years, micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) have been used extensively to study the details of root and canal anatomy in extracted teeth and within clinical settings. This review aims to discuss the application of the new coding system in studies using micro‐CT and CBCT, provide a detailed guide for appropriate characterization of root and canal anatomy and to discuss several controversial issues that may appear as potential limitations for proper characterization of roots and canals.
Purpose-This study aims to examine the relationship of work-family demands with employees' well-being, and the role of management/supervisory support in this relationship. The following hypotheses were proposed: work-family demands would be negatively related to employees' well-being; management/ supervisory support would moderate the relationship of work-family demands with employees' well-being. Design/methodology/approach-The researchers used 250 working female academicians as respondents, working in the research universities in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Their ages ranged from 30 to 60 years. Findings-The findings of the present study proved that the work-family demands were negatively associated with employees' well-being. Results also revealed that management and supervisory support strengthens the relationship between work-family demands and employees' well-being. Thus, management and supervisory support plays an important role in balancing work demands and family roles and also in increasing working female academicians' well-being. Originality/value-In this study, management and supervisory support was found to be directly related to well-being, including life satisfaction, job satisfaction and family satisfaction. However, the direct relationship between management/supervisory support and well-being was positive and significant. This study also found that management/supervisor support reduced work-family conflict and work-family The authors would like to thank a Research and Development Division at Academy of Islamic Studies for financial assistance to prepare this article. The grant provided to the authors under research project RP028B-16HNE is highly appreciated.
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