This paper introduced two optimization algorithms which are Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) and Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) for extracting the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) polarization curve parameters. The results produced by both algorithms are being compared to observe their performance. As a results, the ALO shows great performance compared to DA. Furthermore, these results also being compared with the results of the other reported metaheuristics algorithms. The ALO and DA presented competitive results.

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A primary concern of multilevel inverter is its capability to produce desired alternating voltage close to sinusoidal at the output, using multiple sources of DC voltage input. Mostly a multilevel inverter is used to generate the AC voltage from DC voltage. The aim of this paper is to investigate the output of 9 level multilevel inverter by modifying the conventional 5 levels H-bridge cascade multilevel inverter. The proposed design intending to reduce the number of switches from 16 switches to 10 switches. Implementation of different switching pattern methods; equal phase (EP), half equal phase (HEP), half height (HH) and feed forward (FF) and the related expression are presented in this paper. In the result section shows a different percentage of total harmonic distortion achieved. Out of all 4 methods, HH method suppressed distortion wave the most and resulted in the lowest THD in the proposed inverter. This paper shows that by reducing the number of switches in multilevel inverter structure maintains the same quality output as the conventional H-bridge topology. Furthermore, the manipulation of the switches firing angle contribute in decreasing the system THD.

This paper provides an overview of optimizing solar cell single diode parameters using Dragonfly Algorithm. The 57 mm diameter commercial (R.T.C. France) silicon solar cell measurement data are taking as the data source for the optimization process. The results produced are compared with NM-PSO and IJAYA algorithms to observe the efficiency, accuracy and reliability of the proposed approach

Harmonics can degrade the power quality of a multilevel inverter by causing the voltage to be distorted and vary from sinusoidal waveforms. Harmonics can be reduced by increasing the number of voltage levels or by employing suitable modulation techniques. In this paper, The Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) modulation method is employed to obtain the optimal switching angles that able to reduce the specific individual harmonic and the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in singlephase 7-level Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter. The Animal Migration Optimization (AMO) is proposed to acquire these angles using two difference objective functions. The performance is examined and evaluated. Both objective functions able to determine the optimal switching angles starting from modulation index of 0.34. However, the comparative study demonstratethat objective function number 2 has better performance in term of lowering selective individual harmonics as well as THD.