Cajuputi essential oil is extracted from the leaves of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell. This study is performed to spatially classify the variation of Melaleuca cajuputi essential oil fingerprint based on different sampling location using chemometric technique along Terengganu coastal area. Discriminant Analysis (DA) successfully discriminate 10 fingerprint of essential oil into three different groups with three significant peaks in FTIR analysis. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) successfully grouped the 10 sampling stations into three groups (cluster A, B and C).Classification criteria is based on the intensity movement of functional group either bending or stretching of the essential oil compound Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to develop an equation model that explains the prediction of species fingerprint in each cluster by different locations.
This work examines the effect of solution heat treatment temperature on the tensile strength of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy. All samples were machined according to the ASTM B557. The samples were solution treated at 450°C and 530°C and followed by ageing at 160°C for 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 hours. Tensile test was carried out on the samples after heat treatment. The results showed that the highest tensile strengths (201.69 MPa) was given by the sample solution heat treated at 530 °C for 5 hours followed by 20 hours aging at 160 °C. Whereas, the lowest tensile strength (98.52MPa) was given by the sample solution treated at 450°C for 20 hours. Tensile strength was increased with ageing process and decreased for over-aged samples.
This study aims to dismantling number drug abuser, cohort of age and drug type effects to improve our understanding of these trends and suggested groups for target intervention by stakeholders to effectively reduce resultant harms. Data of the study involving number of drug abuser, cohort of age (8 groups: < 13, 13-15, 16-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, > 40) and drug type was obtained by reviewing annual report of National Anti-Drug Agency (NADA) of Malaysia during 2009 to 2015. Descriptive statistics were applied to give distribution rate and patterns of the data. Cluster analysis then performed to grouped age cohort and drug type into homogenous clusters. Mann – Kendall test were then applied at 5% interval level to identify any significant trends existed in all clusters. The result showed that age can be group into 3 clusters namely low-age cases, moderated-age cases and high-age cases, while for drug type 3 clusters were also created, low-drug type, moderate-drug type and high-drug type. Lastly, trend test shows that high-drug type (opiate) have very significant upward trend p < 0.05. Therefore, preventive strategies can be focus on young adult and opiate abused as it can greatly help reduce number of drug abuser in Malaysia.
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