Purpose The available research works dealing with Halal food are centrally concerned with the Halal certification, logistics, export market, consumer awareness and business ethics with minimal study explores Muslim consumers’ purchase behaviour of Syubhah semi-processed food. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Muslim consumers’ knowledge on the wholesomeness, labelling, trust and purchase behaviour of Syubhah semi-processed food. Design/methodology/approach The study respondents are Muslim consumers in the semi and rural areas. Through a self-administered survey, 780 usable responses were successfully collected. The study hypotheses were analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling. Mediation analyses were conducted, focusing on the effect of trust on the relationship between consumer knowledge on the wholesomeness, labelling and purchase behaviour of Syubhah semi-processed food. Findings This study confirms that lack of knowledge on the wholesomeness and labelling among the semi and rural Muslim consumers influences them to purchase the Syubhah semi-processed food. Trust significantly plays a significant mediation role on the consumer Syubhah semi-processed food purchase behaviour. Originality/value This study confirms there is lack of knowledge among the semi and rural Muslim consumers on Syubhah semi-processed food. Such pessimistic indications of Syubhah food products carry varying consequences and implications for Muslim consumers, Halal food producers and the relevant religious authorities.

There is no instrument which collectively assesses the knowledge, attitude and perceived practice of asthma among community pharmacists. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the instrument which measured the knowledge, attitude and perceived practice of asthma among community pharmacists by producing empirical evidence of validity and reliability of the items using Rasch model (Bond & Fox software®) for dichotomous and polytomous data. This baseline study recruited 33 community pharmacists from Penang, Malaysia. The results showed that all PTMEA Corr were in positive values, where an item was able to distinguish between the ability of respondents. Based on the MNSQ infit and outfit range (0.60-1.40), out of 55 items, 2 items from the instrument were suggested to be removed. The findings indicated that the instrument fitted with Rasch measurement model and showed the acceptable reliability values of 0.88 and 0.83 and 0.79 for knowledge, attitude and perceived practice respectively.

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Environmental education must be measured using reliable affective assessment tool in order to ensure production of holistic students with pro-environmental behavior. There is lack of study about the affective assessment of the courses especially using a reliable comprehensive instrument of pro-environmental behavior test. This study proposes a reliable model for assessing affective learning outcomes in holistic environmental education. Using Rasch model with Bond & Fox Steps© software, a valid process of the assessment will produce the end result of logit measure (psychometrics) in percentile grading to suit with the educational system, using probability analysis in Rasch model. The reliability of the instrument is simply identified with few steps which in this case, is highly reliable (r=0.94), as well as student's answer's reliability which is very reliable (r=0.82). A model with six simple steps provides two measure score sheets, simplifying the grading process. The result shows the actual and accurate environmental behavior's value and percentile score of every student. This model will change the educational paradigm towards scientific analysis of probabilistic assessment of behavior, using simple and reliable procedures. It would assure the ability of producing future environmental-related graduates with good behavior towards environment as well as knowledgeable and skillful.