Green building has attracted increasing attention in recent years and the concept has a positive impact on the environment when adopted in the field of housing development. This study aims to explore the drivers and strategies that should be developed in order to encourage green building project delivery in housing development. This study uses an empirical approach that combines case study, quantitative, and qualitative methods. First, a questionnaire survey was distributed to housing developers in the Klang Valley (KV). A total of 234 developers returned completed questionnaires. The results of the quantitative analysis, based on descriptive statistics, Cronbach"s alpha, correlation, and multiple regression analysis showed that social and cultural drivers have the greatest effect on green building project delivery by housing developers. Next, the quantitative findings were applied to a qualitative case study and two companies in KV were investigated. Finally, the results were validated by interviewing five experts in the industry. The results of the experts" interviews not only validated the findings obtained from the quantitative and qualitative analysis, but also provided in-depth explanations for the identified drivers and strategies.
Nowadays, the high cost of conventional construction material becomes the dominating factor which affecting the housing system in our country. As an alternative method to overcome this disadvantage which is decreasing the strength of the building, it is important to do research on any alternating materials which will decrease the cost and increase the strength of concrete. This conventional construction material likewise made some problems to nature. But coconut fiber, which is natural fiber, makes no impact on environment furthermore increases the strength of concrete compares to other fiber. This paper focuses on the investigation and experimental analysis on the physical characteristics of lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) incorporating coconut fibers composites with different volume percentage of fibers 0.2 and 0.4. LFC is produced by cement paste or mortar in which air-voids are entrapped in the mortar by the suitable foaming agent. Two densities of LFC, 850 and 1200 kg/m³, were cast and tested. Approximately 0.75% of cement percentage of super plasticizer was used to enhance workability of the fresh mix. The results of the test showed that the both of physical properties of the concrete increases with curing age and quantity of coconut fiber.
The term Islamic garden has been defined in various ways considering different aspects and values. These definitions draw a broader perspective to Islamic garden, a key feature of Islamic civilization throughout the history. This paper aims to analyze these views and compare them in order to reach toward a holistic definition for Islamic garden- its origin, evolution, principles and essence. Also searching for a way to revitalize the original essence and application of Islamic gardens in the contemporary societies are discussed in a brief way.
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