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Color-coded Doppler sonography can facilitate an accurate diagnosis of Takayasu arteritis by the characteristic appearance. Associated organ involvement can also be assessed.

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Objective. The purpose of this presentation is to provide an overview of sonographic manifestations of various gastrointestinal diseases. Methods. Patients were scanned with an HDI 3000 or HDI 5000 system (Philips Medical Systems, Bothell, WA) with both a 2-to 5-MHz curvilinear transducer and a 5-to 12-MHz linear transducer. The patients were asked to fast from the previous night. For accurate visualization of the stomach, a cup of water was given to patients thought to have stomach or upper gastrointestinal disease. Results. A satisfactory sonographic examination could be performed in all patients. Conclusions. With recent technical advances, the increasing use of sonography in initial evaluation of patients with abdominal pain may allow earlier detection of bowel disease.

Accessory and cavitated uterine mass is rare developmental Mullerian anomaly. There is a non-communicating uterus-like mass that occurs contiguously along wall of uterus often underdiagnosed and needs expertise to identify. To raise awareness, provide information about this pathology and emphasize role of coronal 3D ultrasound in its diagnosis. A 28-year-old married female presented with dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain. On ultrasound, a homogeneously isoechoic mass was noted in right lateral wall of uterus with central echogenicity. On 3D reconstruction, the main uterine cavity was normal and both cornu were visualized without any recognized Mullerian anomaly. No communication with the main endometrial cavity seen. On laparoscopy, mass was located under right round ligament insertion. Sectioning revealed chocolate colored fluid. ACUM is non-communicating uterus-like mass. It resembles uterus both macroscopically and microscopically. It represents a cavitated mass lined by endometrial glands and stroma surrounded by irregular smooth muscle cells. Criterias for diagnosing ACUM are (1) accessory cavitated mass located under round ligament; (2) normal uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries (3) surgical case with excised mass and pathological examination; (4) accessory cavity lined by endometrium with glands and stroma; (5) chocolate-brown fluid contents. On ultrasound, they appear solid isoechoic masses with central cystic areas separate from ovaries. 3D reconstruction can be used to rule out Mullerian anomaly. ACUM is a rare surgically treatable cause of dysmenorrhea, often underdiagnosed due to lack of knowledge about entity. 3D ultrasound can be highly accurate in making the diagnosis.