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Historical cemeteries are a reflection of the culture and religion of the community in which they were formed. With the expansion of cities, most of these cemeteries have been abandoned in remote areas, outside the city or in unsuitable protected areas, and no trace of dynamics and currents of urban space can be seen in them. As these cemeteries are a valuable part of tangible and intangible heritage of each society, it is essential to consider their recognition, registration, and conservation measures. Dezful is one of the cities with a unique living historical context and also historical cemeteries. Locating these cemeteries in the urban context has led to be effected by brick and patterns used in the structure of the city, and due to the fact that these cemeteries have been neglected over the years, they have been subject to risks such as complete destruction. This research seeks to investigate the brick designs of graves in Dezful cemeteries named Roudband, Baba Yusef, and Kashefiyeh. The main purpose of this article is studying the brick designs of gravestones located in the historical cemeteries of this city, classifying and identifying these cemeteries as treasures of the ancient architecture of Dezful City. In this regard, the research method used is descriptive and the required data gathered through field and library studies. The results of the research show that the brickwork decorations of the cemeteries in Dezful are divided into three groups: historical graves with glazed brickworks, historical graves with simple brickworks, and historical graves with combined brickworks (the combination of simple and glazed bricks). According to results, brick decorations with glazed bricks had a bigger share in this category, after which brick decorations with simple bricks, and finally the combination decorations. On the other hand, in addition to geometric and plant motifs in the heart of the motifs that are the result of using bricks and its proportions, religious, social, and plant motifs have been used on some graves.

Background: The urban open spaces and their effects on the physical and mental health highlights the attention on the quality of such spaces. Thermal comfort is an environmental component affecting the reactionary behavior of people in these spaces. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental components and landscape structure and its effects on the thermal assessment of individuals. Methods: In this study, we used the descriptive method for explaining the mental components and landscape structure. Then, the survey method was employed for determining the correlations between research variables. Finally, we used the experimental method for testing the variables using specific tools. Thermal analysis was done by computer simulation method using ENVI-met software in the Karoon river area in Ahvaz City, Iran. UTCI (universal thermal climate index) is the index used for assessing thermal comfort. To find out the relationship between the research variables, the field data were randomly collected by questionnaires using the Cochran formula. Results: The findings demonstrated the existence of a relationship between landscape structure and different mental states in individuals. The moods of the individuals in open spaces affect their perceptions of the landscape and thermal assessment of the environment. Conclusions: Eventually, and based on the study findings, it was found that people’s mental states in different situations affect their perception of the landscape’s quality and structure and reactionary behavior. It also influences their thermal assessment.

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