RESUMENEstudio de tipo descriptivo, comparativo y correlacional, cuyo objetivo general fue conocer la percepción de violencia de los pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de medicina y cirugía de un hospital público y las variables que se encuentran relacionadas. Esta investigación se basó en el Modelo Interactivo de Violencia Laboral de Chapell y Di Martino, aplicado al ambiente hospitalario.La muestra estuvo conformada por 174 pacientes, 70 del servicio de medicina y 104 de cirugía. Algunos de los resultados fueron: un 35,7% de los pacientes de Medicina y un 42,3 % de los pacientes de Cirugía perciben violencia durante la atención hospitalaria. Estas percepciones de violencia corresponden a los pacientes más jóvenes con mayor nivel educacional y que evalúan mal la atención recibida. Las conductas violentas se presentaron con mayor frecuencia durante los turnos de noche, entre las que se destacaron la "falta de atención" y el "trato frío" de parte del personal de salud. Los usuarios identificaron que el estrés por exceso de trabajo de los funcionarios de la salud constituye el factor predisponente más importante de conductas violentas.Palabras claves: Violencia hospitalaria, percepción de violencia, paciente hospitalizados en los servicios de medicina y cirugía.
ABSTRACTThis is a descriptive, comparative and co-relational study. Its general objective consisted in finding out about hospitalized patients' perception of violence and its related variables in the medicine and surgery wards of a public hospital. The study is based on Chapell and Di Martino's Interactive Model of work-related violence applied to the hospital environment.The sample was made up of 174 patients; 70 from the medicine ward and 104 from the surgery service. Some of the findings were the following: 35.7% of the patients in the medicine service, and 42.3% of the patients in the surgery ward perceived violence while receiving hospital care. This perception of violence corresponds to younger patients who have a higher educational level. They rate the care received as deficient. Violent behavior was most frequently perceived during night shifts. "Lack of care" and "impersonal treatment" from hospital personnel, were the attitudes most frequently perceived by these patients. They relate excessive work stress imposed on the personnel of the health care system as the main factor accounting for violent behavior.Keywords: Hospital violence, perception of violence, patient hospitalized in the medicine and surgery wards.Este artículo es parte de la tesis para optar al grado de Magister en Enfermería.
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