Kalium dikromat (K2Cr2O7) adalah padatan ion kristalin dengan warna merah-orange yang digunakan sebagai oksidator di berbagai bidang.Tujuan dari penulisan paper ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik serta panjang gelombang maksimum dari kalium dikromat. Metode yang digunakan penggambaran dengan ChemOffice 15.0 dengan hasil komputasi energi total sebesar 502.7538 kcal/mol,peregangan 2.5601,torsi 92.0154, dan Stretch-Bend -0.5046. Sedangkan data mengenai panjang maksimum gelombang didapatkan dari review beberapa jurnal. Analisis yang dilakukan dapat diketahui dari fishbon. Sifat-sifat termokimia dari kalium dikromate ∆S0 291.2 J K-1 mol -1, ∆fH0 -2033 kJ/mol. Kadar kalium dikromate dianalisis dengan menggunakan alat Spektrofotometer UV-Vis Shimadzu 1700 PC. Penentuan panjang gelombag maksium dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan K2Cr2O7. Konsentrasi kalium dikromate dapat dihitung dari data kurva standar di peroleh panjang gelombang maksimum 429,6 nm dengan persamaan garis y = 70.25x + 0.005. viskositas kalium dikromat mengalami penurunan seiring dengan kenaikan suhu, pada suhu 250C 5.648,17, suhu 300C 4.960,94, dan suhu 350C 3.790,5. Parameter transpor ion pada kalium dikromat meliputi konduktivitas termal, gerakan ion (kecepatan hanyut, mobilitas ion, bilangan transpor).
ABSTRAKDemam tifoid merupakan infeksi akut pada usus halus dengan gejala demam lebih dari satu minggu, mengakibatkan gangguan pencernaan dan dapat menurunkan tingkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan antibiotik pada terapi pasien demam tifoid di RSUD Provinsi NTB. Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif, yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran atau deskripsi tentang suatu keadaan secara objektif, Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif yaitu meneliti kebelakang dengan meneliti data skunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berdasarkan distribusi jenis kelamin periode Juni 2019 adalah perempuan sebanyak 14 pasien (46%) dan laki-laki 16 pasien (54%) dari 30 pasien. Bedasarkan kelompok umur 12-16 tahun dengan presentase 23%, kedua kelompok umur 17-25 dengan presentase 16 %, kemudian kelompok umur 6-11 tahun dengan presentase 10% dan kelompok umur 46-55, 56-65 dan >60 dengan presentase 5%. Berdasarkan peresepan antibiotik yang paling banyak diresepkan pada periode Mei – Juni 2019 adalah golongan sefalosporin sebanyak 23 resep (76,3%) yang terdiri dari Cefixime 3 resep (10%), Ceftriaxone 19 resep (63%), Cefatokxim (3,31 resep%), golongan quinolone sebanyak 6 resep (20%) yang terdiri dari Levoploxacin 6 resep (20%), dan Golongan klorampenicol sebanyak 1 resep (3,3%). Berdasarkan bentuk sediaan, antibiotik yang paling banyak diresepkan periode Mei- juni 2019 adalah bentuk sediaan injeksi sebanyak 26 resep (81%), bentuk sediaan sirup sebanyak 2 resep (6%) sedangkan dalam bentuk tablet sebanyak 4 resep (13%). Kata kunci: Antibiotik; Demam Tifoid.ABSTRACTTyphoid fever is an acute infection of the small intestine with symptoms of fever for more than one week, resulting in indigestion and can reduce levels. This study aims to determine the profile of the use of antibiotics in the treatment of typhoid fever patients in Mataram Province Hospital. The design of this research is descriptive observational, that is research that aims to get a picture or description of a situation objectively, data retrieval is done retrospectively by examining the backward by examining secondary data. The results showed that based on sex distribution in the June 2019 period were 14 patients (46%) and 16 patients (54%) of 30 patients. Based on the age group of 12-16 years with a percentage of 23%, the second group of ages 17-25 with a percentage of 16%, then the age group of 6-11 years with a percentage of 10% and the age group of 46-55, 56-65 and > 60 with a percentage of 3%. Based on prescription of antibiotics most prescribed from May to June 2019 are cephalosporins with 23 prescriptions (76.3%) consisting of Cefixime 3 prescriptions (10%), Ceftriaxone 19 prescriptions (63%), Cefatokxim (3.31 prescription% ), quinolone group as many as 6 recipes (20%) consisting of Levoploxacin 6 recipes (20%), and chlorampenicol group as much as 1 recipe (3.3%). Based on dosage forms, the most prescribed antibiotics in the May-June 2019 period were 26 prescription injection forms (81%), syrup dosage forms were 2 prescriptions (6%) while in tablet form were 4 prescriptions (13%). Keyword: Antibiotic; Typhoid fever.
Guided discovery learning based E-module is a teaching material in electronic to support independent learning that follow the stages of guided discovery learning model. The development research was conducted to develop and analyse the validity and practicality of this e-module on colligative properties of solution material for class XII high school chemistry learning. The type of research is educational design research using the Plomp development model consisting of (1) preliminary research, (2) prototyping stage, (3) assessment phase. The e-module was validated by eight validators who are four UNP chemistry lecturers and four chemistry teachers using an instrument in the form of validity questionnaire, while the practicality test was carried out at SMA N 8 Padang by 27 students and three teachers with an instrument in the form of a practicality questionnaire. The questionnaire analysis was performed using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) for content validation and Aiken V formula for construct validation and practicality. From the results, the data indicate that the solution based colligative properties e-module based on guided discovery learning for chemistry learning in class XII senior high school has valid and practical values.
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