Uremic pericarditis was described by R. Bright in 1836, several factors were incriminated in the occurrence of this complication in this population in particular an inadequate kidney substitution treatment.It is a retrospective study of the clinico-biological and ultrasound characteristics as well as predictive factors for surgical drainage of the pericardium, performed on 8 chronic hemodialysis patients followed in our nephrology-dialysis unit.Optimization of quality of dialysis and Drainage of the pericardium is the rule in the face of abundant effusion and signs of poor hemodynamic tolerance.Periodic cardiological monitoring, rigorous dose dialysis evaluation, fast diagnosis and treatment of any unexpected medical conditions are the pillars of prevention of uremic pericarditis.