Monazite-(Sm) was found in the Annie Claim #3 pod of lepidolite-subtype granitic pegmatite within the Greer Lake intrusion of pegmatitic leucogranite, in the Archean Bird River Subprovince of the Superior Province, in southeastern Manitoba. It occurs as tabular crystals ≤0.4 mm in diameter, associated with manganocolumbite, quartz, albite and lithian muscovite. Monazite-(Sm) is yellowish, translucent, with a white streak, vitreous to greasy luster, and no observed fluorescence. One good cleavage is present, tenacity is brittle, and the fracture is uneven. Monazite-(Sm) has no observable pleochroism; ␣ 1.768 (5),  1.771(3), ␥ > 1.808(3); 2V meas 29(8)°, X = b, Z ٙ c = 9° ( obtuse). It is monoclinic, space group P2 1 /n; a refinement from single-crystal and powder (Gandolfi) X-ray-diffraction data gave a 6.725 (1) (8)(111) Adjustment of U and Th of the monazite-(Sm) to their original contents 2.64 Ga ago slightly improves the stoichiometry and proves that all the Pb present is radiogenic. The middle-REE-dominant signature of the Annie Claim #3 monazite-(Sm) is shared with the broadly associated Y(Ta,Nb)O 4 mineral (formanite?) and dysprosian xenotime-(Y); this exotic pattern of REE abundances is possibly generated by selective and differential complexing of REE in the granite-to-pegmatite sequence of solidification.Keywords: monazite-(Sm), new mineral species, rare-earth elements, granitic pegmatite, Annie Claim #3, Manitoba, Canada. SOMMAIRENous avons découvert la monazite-(Sm) dans la lentille de pegmatite granitique à lépidolite dite Annie Claim #3, au sein du massif intrusif du lac Greer, dans la sous-province de Bird River de la Province du Supérieur, dans l'Archéen du sud-est du Manitoba. Elle se présente en cristaux tabulaires atteignant 0.4 mm en diamètre, associée à manganocolumbite, quartz, albite et muscovite lithinifère. Les cristaux de monazite-(Sm) sont jaunâtres, translucides, ayant une rayure blanche, un éclat vitreux à résineux, sans fluorescence. Nous décelons un bon clivage; la tenacité est cassante, et la fracture, inégale. La monazite-(Sm) ne montre aucun pléochroïsme observable; ␣ 1.768 (5),  1.771(3), ␥ > 1.808(3); 2V meas 29(8)°, X = b, Z ٙ c = 9° (dans l'angle  obtus). Elle est monoclinique, groupe spatial P2 1 /n; un affinement des paramètres réticulaires à partir des données prélevées sur monocristal et sur poudre (méthode de Gandolfi) a donné a 6
Dysprosian xenotime-(Y) was found in the Annie Claim #3 pod of lepidolite-subtype granitic pegmatite within the Greer Lake intrusion of pegmatitic granite, in the Archean Bird River Subprovince of the Superior Province, in southeastern Manitoba. It occurs as microscopic inclusions in spessartine and as discrete crystals, both enclosed in ferroan muscovite, also associated with manganocolumbite -manganotantalite, microlite, zircon and apatite. The xenotime-(Y) contains up to 14.88 wt.% Dy 2 O 3 (and 7.59 wt.% Gd 2 O 3 , 3.31 wt.% Tb 2 O 3 ), the highest concentration of Dy so far observed in this mineral. In chondrite-normalized REE patterns, the positive Tb anomaly is even higher than that of Dy. Along with xenotime-(Y) and xenotime-(Yb) from other granitic pegmatites, altered granites and alpine veins, the Annie Claim #3 xenotime-(Y) shows prominent double segmenting of the Gd to Lu sequence, ascribed by some authors to the tetrad effect in geological materials generated from, or affected, by aqueous media. Analytical problems could not produce this effect in the xenotime samples.
Primary (Mn,Fe,Ta,Nb)-bearing cassiterite with ≤0.21 wt.% ZrO 2 and ≤0.05 wt.% HfO 2 crystallized during the consolidation of the Archean Annie Claim #3 zoned, lepidolite-subtype granitic pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba, in amounts increasing from the outer to the inner pegmatite zones. Rare inclusions of tantalite and ferrotapiolite originated from transient local saturation in these phases. Sparse early cassiterite from the outer intermediate zone is rather rich in substituting elements and in part Fedominant, whereas the more abundant late cassiterite from the lepidolite core is strongly Mn-dominant and poor in the substituents. Exsolution in the primary cassiterite generated granular zirconian-hafnian ferrowodginite and wodginite enclosed in veinlets of substituent-depleted cassiterite. The Fe/Mn and Nb/Ta values of the wodginite phases mimic those of the primary cassiterite across the pegmatite zones, and Zr/Hf perceptibly decreases from the outer zones inward. Maximum contents of ZrO 2 and HfO 2 (5.98 and 1.59 wt.%, respectively; 0.31 Zr and 0.04 Hf apfu) are the highest so far encountered in wodginite-group minerals. These maxima characterize wodginite exsolved from early cassiterite; the levels drop off in wodginite exsolved in late cassiterite. Instead, hafnian zircon intergrown with abundant thorian coffinite becomes abundant in the lepidolite core, indicating a transition of Zr + Hf from octahedral sites in the oxide minerals to the much more common 8-fold coordination in the orthosilicate; this shift implies a transition from relatively alkaline to more acidic conditions. SOMMAIRE Une cassitérite primaire, enrichie en Mn, Fe, Ta et Nb, et avec ≤0.21% ZrO 2 et ≤0.05% HfO 2 (en poids), a cristallisé au cours de la solidification de la pegmatite granitique archéenne de Annie Claim #3, massif zoné, sous-type à lépidolite, dans le sud-est du Manitoba, en quantités augmentant de la bordure vers le coeur du massif. De rares inclusions de tantalite et de ferrotapiolite ont leur origine dans la saturation temporaire et locale du magma. La cassitérite, assez rare dans la partie externe de la zone intermédiaire, est relativement enrichie en éléments se substituant à l'étain, et elle est en partie à dominance de fer. Par contre, la cassitérite tardive, dans le coeur à lépidolite, est plus abondante, fait preuve d'une dominance de Mn, et est appauvrie dans les autres éléments substituants. L'exsolution a produit des inclusions granulaires de ferrowodginite et de wodginite zirconifère et hafnifère dans des veinules de cassitérite purifiée. Les valeurs Fe/Mn et Nb/Ta des phases du groupe de la wodginite simulent celles de la cassitérite primaire d'une zone à l'autre, et la valeur Zr/Hf diminue de façon subtile de la bordure vers le centre. Les concentrations maximum de ZrO 2 et de HfO 2 (5.98 et 1.59%, respectivement; 0.31 Zr et 0.04 Hf atomes par unité formulaire) sont les plus élevées qui soient connues dans les minéraux du groupe de la wodginite. Ces valeurs élevées caractérisent la wodginite exsolvée de la cass...
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