Kurzfassung
Wirtschaftskrisen und finanzielle Risiken bremsen die Bereitschaft der meisten Unternehmen, in die Automatisierung zu investieren oder größere Anschaffungen zu tätigen. Das Gute daran: Diese Not fördert die kreative Suche nach Alternativen, da die Steigerung der Rentabilität eine Möglichkeit ist, dem erhöhten Wettbewerbsdruck standzuhalten und gestärkt aus einer Krise hervorzutreten. In den 1970er Jahren forderte das erste Ölembargo als Konsequenz aus den damaligen Entwicklungen im nahen Osten eben diese Kreativität von den Unternehmen. Ein Resultat war die aus den Kaizen-Aktivitäten der Japanischen Weltklasse-Unternehmen stammende Low Cost Automation. Heute, vierzig Jahre später, entsteht in der bislang größten Finanzkrise der Nachkriegszeit erneut der Bedarf an günstiger Automatisierung. Was damals für die Produktion erdacht wurde, soll nun auch in der Logistik seinen Platz finden.
In many branches of production and manufacturing the level of automation has reached saturation. Further automation would be possible but would also affect negatively their economic efficiency. On the contrary, in logistics the level of automation is low due to the lack of process standardization. This is caused on the one hand by the high number of protagonists involved in global supply chains and on the other hand by the weak demand for standardization that characterizes areas with low costs of labor. Among the logistics processes the highest challenge for automation is the unloading of goods from carriers, i. e. containers, which are used for international and intermodal transports. In containers a wide range of goods is transported among which, unpalettized mass goods have the highest relevance for autonomous unloading, because of their size, shape and weight. Mass goods are arbitrarily packed neatly or loose, stuck or slack patterns and with respect to their properties homogeneous or heterogeneous. Nowadays these containers are unloaded mostly manually. A system for the autonomous unloading of all the kinds of mass goods from containers doesnt exist as a market ready product. This paper presents a kinematic suited to unload all kinds of mass goods from a container.
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