This study investigated the effects of fish meal replacement by Spirulina platensis meal on growth, survival, body biochemical composition, and reproductive performance of Trichopodus trichopterus until the first spawning for 16 weeks. The fish fed dietary algal meal at levels of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 % against those received fish meal only as control. The results showed that indicators such as belly diameter, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and viscerosomatic index were significantly different between treatments with 5 and 10 % algal replacements (P \ 0.05). The growth factors including final weight, weight gain, total length, fork length, and body height of fish did not show significant differences (P [ 0.05) between the treatments. Feed intake increased up to 10 % replacement level and then decreased, though the best FCR values (0.77-0.79) were obtained with 2.5 and 5 % substitutions. The body lipid content showed a statistically marked decrease (P \ 0.05) as a result of the algal replacements, but the amounts of protein and moisture were not significantly (P [ 0.05) different between treatments. All fish fed S. platensis meal had greater gonadosomatic indices (19.4-21.85 %) than that of the control in spite of insignificant differences (P [ 0.05) in their ovary weights (2.07-2.21 g). Absolute fecundity ranged between 7300 and 12,700 eggs/female with the highest amount in fish fed with replaced S. platensis levels of 2.5-10 %. The second-order polynomial regression analysis between absolute fecundity and substitution levels of algal meal was y = -0.5319x 2 ? 106.87x ? 7812.9 (R 2 = 0.9642), and the optimal substitution level was determined to be 8.13 % for maximum absolute fecundity. Hatching percentages in the control and 20 % replacement were much lower (P \ 0.05) than those in the other treatments (78-86 %). Given the relative enhancement of growth parameters and & Abolghasem Esmaeili Fereidouni a.esmaeili@sanru.ac.ir significant improvement in reproductive performance of broodstock three-spot gourami, 8.1-9.6 % S. platensis meal instead of fish meal is recommended in the diets.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is considered to be a significant impairment in childhood and adolescence. According to cognitive theories, parents' external criticism and emotional self-regulation are among the variables that can directly or indirectly affect obsessive beliefs. Objective: The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of emotional self-regulation in the relationship between parents' external criticism and obsessive beliefs in adolescents. Methods: In this study, 547 high school students aged between 15 and 18 years were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling. An obsessive beliefs questionnaire-child version (OBQ-CV), a self-regulatory orientations scale, and a perceived criticism questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson's correlation was used to investigate the relationship between the study variables. For analysis of the mediation model, structural equation modeling using the AMOS software was employed. Results: The fitness indices for the four-factor structure of the OBQ, two-factor structure of the emotional self-regulation instrument, and single-factor structure of parents' external criticism were reported as favorable [root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.1]. External criticism was associated only indirectly with obsessive beliefs through emotional self-regulation. The two variables of emotional self-regulation and external criticism explained 47% of the variance in obsessive beliefs. Conclusion: This study showed that self-regulation can mediate in the relationship between parents' external

No abstract

Background: One of the public health challenges in the worldwide is diabetes, and adherence to treatment is crucial. Adherence to treatment can help reduce the complications of the disease. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the status of adherence to treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes in Khorramabad. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 392 men and women with type 2 diabetes referred to comprehensive health centers in Khorramabad between May and August 2016 were studied. Demographic questionnaire and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) were used to collect data. Version 22 SPSS and descriptive analysis were used to analyze the data. Significance level in the present study was less than 0.05. Descriptive tests, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and independent t-test were used. Results: The mean age of study participants was 56.03 ± 10.91. 68.9% (270 people) were women and 31/1% (122 people) were men. According to the score obtained from the Morisky questionnaire, a total of 219 patients (55/9%) followed the desired treatment and 173 (44/1%) followed the unfavorable treatment. There was a significant relationship between patients' adherence to treatment with the variables of gender, marital status, educational status, and their monthly income. No statistically significant between age and employment status with adherence to treatment were observed. Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that adherence to treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes in Khorramabad is in a good level. Health policy makers should strive to ensure that all patients adhere to their treatment process with easy access to services and reduced costs.

No abstract