Persicaria strigosa is an important medicinal plant having several ethnomedicinal values. The present study investigates the phytochemical contents, antiproliferative, and apoptosis-inducing properties of P. strigosa. The phytocompounds were identified by the GC-MS technique. Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties were conducted in DL cells. In-silico molecular docking, drug-likeness, and ADMET was carried out to study the binding affinity and drug-likeness of the compounds. The study revealed a dose-dependent antiproliferative activity of P. strigosa. Ethyl acetate extract showed the strongest activity compared to other extracts. Plant extract-treated cells showed morphological features of apoptotic cells. GC-MS analysis identified 12 compounds from the ethyl acetate extract. Compound C2, C5, C6, C7, and C12 showed the best binding affinity with the anti-apoptotic proteins. The phytocompounds were predicted to possess drug-likeness property and a good ADMET profile. The findings, thus, suggest that the Persicaria strigosa extract could be a potential source of anticancer agents.