This study evaluated the efficacy of penicillin in improving the culture yield of M. Tuberculosis in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, MMDC, Multan. A total of 350 suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients were selected for the study. An early morning sputum specimen was collected. NAOH citrate and N-acetyl-L-cysteine were used for digesting, decontaminating, and homogenizing the sputum. The samples were processed on Lowenstein Jensen media and then Lowenstein Jensen media with penicillin. The cultures were then examined after 2 months. On LJ media, 100 (28.5%) suspected cases were positive, and 80 (22.8%) cases were contaminated. On LJ media with penicillin, 145 (41.4%) cases were positive, and 15 (4.3%) were contaminated. In addition, 30 (8.5%) were 1+ grading, 15 (4.3%) were 2+ grading on both media, 95 (27.1%) were 3+ grading on LJ media, and 50 (14.2%) were 3+ grading on LJ media with penicillin. Contamination in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is reduced by adding penicillin to the LJ media, and isolation-positive cultures are enhanced.

The aim of current analysis was to compare the efficacy of intravenous ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime for treating spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis. A retrospective study was conducted in the Medicine Department of SIMS, Lahore, from September 2021-September 2022. The study selected 110 cirrhosis patients with SBP were included in the study and were divided into two groups, A and B. Group A (n=55) was administered ciprofloxacin intravenously, and group B (n=55) was administered ceftazidime intravenously. The patients diagnosed with type 1 hepatorenal syndrome were treated with albumin and terlipressin daily. The clinical signs and causes of infection did not vary between both groups. The infection was resolved in 50 patients (90.9%) ceftazidime patients and in 51 patients (93%) ciprofloxacin patients. Out of 17 patients who developed, 10 patients (58.8%) completely recovered after terlipressin and albumin treatment, 1 (5.8%) showed partial response, and 6 (35.3%) did not respond. Switch therapy with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime is equally effective in treating spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites.