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The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate whether correlations exist between 18 F-FDG uptake of primary breast cancer lesions and predictive and prognostic factors such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and C-erbB-2 receptor (C-erbB-2R) states. Methods: Before undergoing partial or total mastectomy, 213 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer underwent 18 F-FDG PET (5.2 MBq/kg of body weight). The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) of the primary lesion was measured in each patient. Standard immunohistochemistry was performed on a surgical specimen of the cancer lesion to characterize the receptor state of the tumor cells. Pearson x 2 tests were performed on the cross-tables of different receptor states to test any association that may exist among ER, PR, and C-erbB-2R. Maximum SUV measurements for different receptor states were compared using factorial ANOVA in a completely random design. Results: After exclusion of certain lesions, 118 lesions were analyzed for this study. The mean maximum SUVs of ER-positive and ER-negative lesions were 3.03 6 0.26 and 5.64 6 0.75, whereas those of PR were 3.24 6 0.29 and 4.89 6 0.67, respectively, and those of C-erbB-2R were 4.64 6 0.70 and 3.70 6 0.35, respectively. x 2 tests for ER and PR showed that if one is positive then the other tends to be positive as well (x 2 5 71.054, P , 0.01). For ER and C-erbB-2R states, if ER is positive, C-erbB-2R will more likely be negative (x 2 5 13.026, P , 0.01). No relationship was detected between PR and C-erbB-2R states (x 2 5 3.695, P . 0.05). ANOVAs showed that PR state alone (F 5 0.095, P . 0.05) and C-erbB-2R state alone (F 5 0.097, P . 0.05) had no effect on 18 F-FDG uptake but ER state alone had an effect (F 5 9.126, P , 0.01). ER and PR being together had no additional effect on 18 F-FDG uptake. Our study also demonstrated that interactions exist between ER and C-erbB-2R state and between PR and C-erbB-2R state. Conclusion: SUV measurements may provide valuable information about the state of ER, PR, and C-erbB-2R and the associated glucose metabolism as measured by 18 F-FDG uptake of the primary breast cancer lesions. Such an association may be of importance to treatment planning and outcome in these patients.

There is an increasing uptake of (18)F-FDG over time in pleural malignancies, whereas the uptake in benign pleural disease generally stays stable or decreases over time. Therefore, dual time point imaging appears to be an effective approach in differentiating benign from malignant pleural disease, which increases the sensitivity and is also helpful in guiding the biopsy site for a successful diagnosis.

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Apoptosis count and scintigraphic results of this study confirm that mesenchymal stem cell treatment has a statistically significant benefit for the survival of the stasis zone in acute burn.