Розглянуто можливість використання в іхтіотоксикологічних дослідженнях молекулярного цитоскелетного маркера – гліального фібрилярного кислого білка (ГФКБ) мозку риб. Доведено, що тканиноспецифічні білки чутливі до впливу різноманітних несприятливих чинників на організм риб. Отримані дані дозволяють розглядати стан цитоскелета гліальних клітин як надійного та достовірного маркера.

Background: Pneumocephalus is defined as presence of intracranial gas. It can be at any site in the cranium; isolated or at different sites simultaneously. Quantity of gas along with extent of mass effect caused by it & severity of clinical symptoms will determine the modality of treatment; i.e. conservative or surgical. Among many etiologies trauma is one, which is one of the most common cause as in our case. Multiple foci of gas scattered within the subarachnoid space, especially in the cisterns seen on CT scan of brain has been described as “Air bubble sign”, indicating of subdural tension PNC. Here we have presented our case with review of management of such condition, especially conservative. Case: A case of 55yrs male with history of road traffic accident was referred from another hospital. CT scan of Brain done in previous center showed diffuse PNC scattered throughout the subarachnoid space. The patient was managed conservatively and successive repeat CT scan showed gradual to complete resorption of gas and simultaneous clinical improvement of the patient. Conclusion: “Air bubble sign” described as a sign of tension PNC can be managed conservatively in absence of significant clinical symptoms and may not only be associated with subdural tension PNC. The modality of treatment of PNC as well for tension PNC should be tailored according to the patient’s clinical status.

Objectives:  This study aimed to compare CSF leak in endoscopic endonasal TSS of pituitary adenoma with and without reconstruction of the sellar floor with no intraoperative CSF leakage. Materials and Methods:  It was a randomized controlled trial of 116 patients of both genders diagnosed case of pituitary adenoma who underwent endoscopic endonasal TSS over 1 year. The cases were randomized into 2 groups. In Group A endoscopic endonasal TSS and the sellar floor, reconstruction was done while in Group B only endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery was done without reconstruction. Results:  The patient’s mean age in group A was 40.7 ± 9.56 years, and in group, B was 41.9 ± 10.5 years. The gender distribution, for group A, males and females were 29 each (50%) and in group B, the males were 36 (62%) and females were 22 (38%). There were 52 (89.7%) cases of macroadenoma and 6 (10.3%) cases of microadenoma in each group. On the 1st postoperative day, CSF leakage was noted in 2 (3.4%) patients of group A, and CSF leakage was observed in 2 (3.4%) patients of group B. Results revealed no difference in CSF leakage between both groups. There were minor nasal complications in both groups. Conclusion:  There is an equal chance of success with endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) of pituitary adenoma with and without reconstruction of the sellar floor, concerning post-operative CSF leak, in patients who have no intraoperative CSF leak which enlarges the pool of options for treatment.

Neurofibrosarcoma is a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). The cervical location of the neurofibrosarcoma is very rare and is less than 1% in the literature. MPNSTs are often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).  We are presenting a case report of 31 years old female, with huge recurrent cervical neurofibrosarcoma on the right side of the neck.  To date, surgical excision followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the treatment of choice which requires a multidisciplinary approach. We excised the above-mentioned cervical neurofibrosarcoma in a piecemeal fashion and discharged the patient on follow-up with the oncology department.

No abstract