Reporting Applicability and cost benefit analysis were considered. Comments were to be made on non-RCTs, rejected trials and trials in progress or analysis where appropriate. Assessment of risk of bias in included studies Assessment of Study Quality This was performed by one reviewer and checked by a second. Antibiotic therapy for prophylaxis against infection of pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis (Review)

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Metastatic central LNs are found in nearly half of all patients with PTC when prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) is performed. With unreliable imaging modalities, prophylactic CLND should be performed on all patients with PTC.

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Metastatic cervical LNs were found in more than half of patients when prophylactic lateral LN dissection was performed. Use of conventional imaging for the selection of the surgical approach to the lateral cervical compartment may commonly identify stage N1a instead of N1b and thus lead to false stage assignment as stage III rather than stage IV, concealing the severe prognostic implications of this stage progression in individual patients.