Abstract.A research about Citrus medica L. var sarcodactylis had been conducted and it showed a significant antimicrobial activity, thus drive our curiosity to investigate the other variety from the same species, Citrus medica L. var proper. This research focuses in chemical compound study and antimicrobial activity screening against Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acne, and Candida albicans of Citrus medica L. var Proper leaves' essential oil. The essential oil is distillated from fresh leaves by hydrodestillation. The chemical compound was analysed using GC-MS instrument while the antimicrobial activity was tested using disk diffusion method. The results showed that the major component of the essential oil was Z-citral, citral and limonene compounds. The antimicrobial activity test results against the test microorganism are 9.15±0.15 mm, 11.15±1.3 mm and 8.02±0.48 mm, consecutively, for Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acne and Candida albicans.

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Heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. has been traditionally used to many diseases such as homoptysis, syphilis, eye disease, dysentery, depurative and prevention of osteoporosis. Our previous in vitro screening of Indonesian plants revealed that an ethanolic extract of the heartwood of C. sappan exhibits a proliferation stimulating activity against primary osteoblastic cells. In our continued interest to this plant, we further fractionated the extract and isolated active constituents on the basis of the stimulating activity in the osteoblastic cells. The fractionation and isolation were carried out with various chromatography methods and the structure of isolated compounds was elucidated based on NMR, IR, UV and MS spectroscopic data. From an active fraction, a new biphenyl dimer, namely caesappanin C (1), along with two known compounds, protosappanin A (2) and sappanchalcone (3), were isolated. Among them, the new compound 1 exhibited the strongest activity and significantly increased the cell viability up to 276±5%. The other two compounds 2 and 3 also stimulated the cell proliferation and increased the cell viability up to 233±8% and 187±4%, respectively.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pemakaian variasi bahasa penyiar radio Kharisma 95,6 FM di kaji dari segi penutur yaitu idiolek, kronolek dan sosiolek. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui teknik simak. Langkah-langah analisis data adalah transkripsi data, identifikasi data, klasifikasi data, analisis data dan penyimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemakaian variasi bahasa penyiar radio Kharisma 95,6 FM terdapat 3 bentuk tuturan meliputi: (1) variasi bahasa idiolek ditemukannya pilihan kata yang berulang pada ujaran yang digunakan oleh penyiar radio yaitu “nanti kita puterin ya lagunya”(2) variasi bahasa kronolek ditemukannya pemakaian bahasa masa kini yaitu ujaran “oke, play kan, oke siaaapp, geng ciwi-ciwi, requesannya” (3) variasi bahasa sosiolek ditemukannya pemakaian katasalam salam yang digunakan oleh penyiar yaitu pada ujaran “selamat pagi, selamat siang, selamat pagi menjelang siang, dan terima kasih kembali”. Faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya pemakaian variasi bahasa penyiar Radio Kharisma 95,6 Fm di Arga Makmur adalah (1) variasi idiolek dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial. (2) variasi kronolek dan sosiolek dipengaruhi oleh faktor situasional.