The diversity of Zingiberaceae plants has many functions for the community, especially for those who live in rural areas. The observations in Jambean showed that not all Zingiberaceae families found there were used optimally for spices, health, and ornamental plants. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine what Zingiberaceae species found in Jambean, 2) determine the diversity index of the Zingiberaceae family in Jambean, and (3) explain the principle of Zingiberaceae family benefits according to local knowledge of Jambean society. This research was field research. Species and benefit principles data were obtained by observation and interviews and analyzed qualitatively. Diversity index was analyzed by the Shannon-Wienner index. The results were obtained: 1) species of the Zingiberaceae family found in Jambean were temu ireng, kunir, lempuyang, temu putih, laos, and temu mangga; 2) the diversity index of the Zingiberace family in Jambean in the medium category (1.40) and 3) the principle of benefit of each of the Zingiberaceae plants by the people of Jambean was used only as medicinal herbs and cooking spices.   Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan Zingiberaceae memiliki banyak fungsi bagi masyarakat, terutama bagi mereka yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan. Hasil observasi di dusun Jambean menunjukkan tidak semua keluarga Zingiberaceae yang ditemukan di sana dimanfaatkan secara optimal baik untuk rempah-rempah, kesehatan, dan tanaman hias. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) menentukan spesies Zingiberaceae apa saja yang ditemukan di dusun Jambean, 2) menentukan indeks diversitas keluarga Zingiberaceae di dusun Jambean, dan menjelaskan asas manfaat keluarga Zingiberaceae menurut pengetahuan lokal warga Jambean. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan. Data spesies dan asas manfaat diperoleh dengan observasi dan wawancara dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Indeks diversitas dianalisis dengan indeks Shannon-Wienner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan: 1) spesies dari keluarga Zingiberaceae yang ditemukan di dusun Jambean adalah temu ireng, kunir, lempuyang, temu putih, laos, dan temu mangga; 2) indeks diversitas keluarga Zingiberace di dusun Jambean dalam kategori sedang (1,40); dan 3) asas manfaat masing-masing tanaman Zingiberaceae oleh masyarakat dusun Jambean dimanfaatkan baru sebatas sebagai tanaman obat dan bumbu masak

Abstract. Jalil M, Purwantoro A, Daryono BS, Purnomo. 2020. Distribution, variation, and relationship of Curcuma soloensis Valeton in Java, Indonesia based on morphological characters. Biodiversitas 21: 3867-3877. Curcuma soloensis Valeton (locally called temu genyeh) was a plant originating from Solomon Islands and was synonymous with Curcuma longa L. This plant was often considered to be turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) or temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb.), because the rhizome is almost the same color. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution, variation, and relationship of C. soloensis in Java, Indonesia. Retrieval of data with exploratory roaming methods in 12 districts/cities in Java Island as a center for planting medicinal plants. Morphological character observations were made on habit, rhizome, roots, tubers, leaves, pseudo-stems, and flowers. Morphological data were analyzed by descriptive and numerical methods. Analysis of grouping with Gower Coefficients because it uses 45 binary and multistate data. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to determine the role of each character in the grouping. Cluster analysis and PCA graphics were assisted with MVSP 3.1 software. The results of the study were obtained from 25 accessions of C. soloensis in East Java (Trenggalek, Pacitan, Ponorogo), Central Java (Wonogiri, Karanganyar, Magelang, Semarang), Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta City, Bantul, Gunungkidul), and West Java (Ciamis and Tasikmalaya). The variation of C. soloensis lies in habit, stem color, leaf shape, rhizome shape, rhizome flesh color, and tuber shape. The highest abundance percentage is in Pajangan, Tirtomoyo, and Tawangmangu. The dendrogram divides 32 OTUs into two clusters on the phenon line 0.617, namely cluster A (C. zanthorrhiza) and cluster B (C. soloensis and C. longa). PCA results showed that the characters that had the most role in grouping were leaf blade color, leaf blade length, rhizome shape, root color, rhizome taste, outer and inner rhizome flesh color.

Professionalism in teaching is needed in the Curriculum 2013. As many as 54% of the 68 students stated not yet familiar with the scientific approach. The average value of didactic concept mastery is 55 under the minimum completion criteria. The objectives of this research are to (1) test the effectiveness of the application of simulation methods on the professionalism of prospective teachers; and (2) analyze student responses. The research design is Posttest Only with Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Data of the simulation method was analyzed by a descriptive method. One sample t-test is used to know the achievement of the average mastery of pedagogic competence. The Independent t-test was addressed to know whether the average value of professional competence of the experimental class is higher than the control class. The response was analyzed by Likert scale. The result of the research shows that: (1) the simulation method of science learning on the professionalism of prospective teachers in IAIN Kudus is effective; and (2) Student response to the positive simulation method is 79,00% from 31 students.

Curcuma is a member of the Zingiberaceae family. In the traditional market, Curcuma soldby empon-empon trader. Previous research reported that some Curcuma species are rare to be found and were sold by traders. Therefore, there is a concern regarding the possibility of Curcuma spp. extinction. Research objectives are: (1) to find the number of empon-empon traders in Yogyakarta; (2) to know the percentage of the number of rhizomes found in traditional markets in Yogyakarta; and (3) to find whether the Curcuma species are found completely in the Yogyakarta traditional market. The research was conducted by exploration of traditional market in Yogyakarta. The data were analyzed by the Cochran test. Research results showed that the percentages of rhizomes are as follow: temu ireng (C. aeruginosa) (27.59%), temu giring (C. heyneana)(31.03%), turmeric (C. domestica) (93.10%), temu mangga (C. mangga) (27.59%), temu glenyeh (C. soloensis) (0%), temu lawak (C. xanthorrhiza) (64.29%), and temu putih (C. zedoaria) (17.86%), sold by empon-empon traders. Some Curcuma were rare in nature such as C. mangga, C. heyneana, C. purpuracens, C. soloensis, C. euchroma, C. colorata, and C. borg. The rhizome of Curcuma spp. is found to be incomplete in the traditional markets of Yogyakarta.