Basil leaves and basil seeds have been shown to contain secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, essential oils that have the potential as antibacterial. Basil seeds are produced from the seeds of the basil flower. The aim of the study was to identify the chemical constituents and compare the antibacterial potential of basil leaves and flowers (Ocimum sanctum L.) against Propionibacterium acnes. Antibacterial testing method with agar diffusion disk using blank paper disc and Nutrien Agar media. Basil leaves and flowers were macerated with ethanol, then prepared as test materials for concentrations of 10, 20 and 40 mg/ml. The results showed that basil leaf extract contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and polyphenols. It was concluded that basil leaves and flowers may act as antibacterial Propionibacterium acnes at concentrations of 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml and 40 mg ml. Basil leaves are more potent than basil flowers as an antibacterial Propionibacterium acnes with an optimal concentration of 20 mg/ml, but the amount of chemical compounds in the basil flower extract is higher.

Background: Nowadays, some bacterial infections have experienced resistance to antibiotic drugs which is a major challenge in public health throughout the world. The evolution of resistance in microorganisms can cause some existing antibiotic drugs to become less effective in the treatment of infections caused by microorganisms. One of the natural plant materials that can provide an antibacterial effect is Mango leaves or with the Latin name M. indica L. which comes from the Anacardiaceae family. Objective: To determine whether the ethyl acetate extract of mango leaves has antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Design: Mango leaf extract (M. indica) was obtained by maceration method using Ethyl Acetate solvent. The extract obtained was then subjected to antibacterial testing of the test bacteria using the diffusion method with various concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10% (w/v), ampicillin as positive control and 10% DMSO as negative control. The inhibition zone formed was measured after 24 hours of incubation.. Results: There were inhibition zones in the antibacterial test of the ethyl acetate extract of mango (M. indica) leaves against S. aureus of 7.6 mm, 8 mm, 8.7 mm and 27.3 for the positive control. For antibacterial testing of mango leaf ethyl acetate extract (M. indica) against S. epidermidis of 7.8 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.6 mm and 23.3 for positive control. Conclusions: Based on the tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the ethyl acetate extract of mango (M. indica) leaves has antibacterial compounds.

Pendahuluan: Pemeliharaan kesehatan merupakan kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan dengan mengonsumsi obat tradisional agar terhindar dari serangan penyakit. Segi aplikasi penggunan obat tradisional di masyarakat telah banyak dilakukan. Namun, masih sedikit yang paham fungsi tanaman yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Tanaman obat yang sering dimanfaatkan oleh keluarga untuk pengobatan sendiri di rumah disebut dengan Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA). Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) pada saat pandemi sangat bermanfaat untuk peningkatan imunitas tubuh. Keterbatasan informasi masyarakat tentang tindakan pemilihan tanaman obat dan penggunaannya merupakan penyebab terjadinya pengobatan yang tidak rasional. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan masyarakat di Kelurahan Mojodoyong Kabupaten Sragen dalam pemanfatan Tanaman Obat Keluarga untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan April 2022 terhadap 100 responden menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik responden terbanyak pada usia dewasa (20-60 tahun), dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak yaitu perempuan, pendidikan terbanyak pada tingkat SMA, pekerjaan terbanyak yaitu Petani dan Karyawan Swasta. Tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat di Kelurahan Mojodoyong pada kategori baik sebanyak 22%, pada kategori cukup sebanyak 58%, pada kategori kurang sebanyak 20%. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu tingkat pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan TOGA untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dalam kategori cukup (58%).

Momordica charantia L. contains flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. This study aims to determine the inhibition of M. charantia extract on the growth of S. aureus and S. thypi and the highest concentration in inhibiting S. aureus and S. thypi. Then extracted by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. M. charantia extracts prepared in concentrations of 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% were tested on S. aureus and S. thypi cultures, CMC Na as a negative control and Cefadroxil as a positive control. Determination of the inhibition zone was carried out by the diffusion method using a paper disk on Nutrient Agar (NA) media with an incubation period of 1 x 24 hours at 37 C. The diameter of the inhibition zone on S. aureus resulted in an average concentration of 2.5% (5.2 mm), concentration of 5% (5.23 mm), and concentration of 7.5% (7.36 mm), the negative control did not produce an inhibition zone while the positive control was 18.96 mm. Whereas S. thypi produced an inhibition zone with an average concentration of 2.5% (8.1 mm), 5% concentration (9.46 mm) and 9.5% concentration (17.06 mm), and in the control the negative inhibition zone was not visible while the positive control had an inhibition zone of 19.06 mm.