Abstrak Diarrhea is a waterborne disease due to consumption of contaminated food/water. People in urban slum area have highest risk to get diarrhea because of poor hygiene and sanitation as well as limited access to uncontaminated water. This study aimed to identify contamination in watersources by Entamoeba Sp and helmint eggs (Anchylostoma duodenale, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichuria) in one of urban slum area in Bandung municipality. Samples were taken from 123 watersources (74 tap water, 21 borehole, 22 dugwell and 6 spring water) which was randomly selected in 10 RW along the Cikapundung river basin in Tamansari subdistrict during period of July-September 2015. Water samples were examined by PCR to detect Entamoeba Sp and microscopic identification for helminth eggs. 90 out of 123 samples were positive for Entamoeba Sp (59 tap water, 16 dugwell, 11 borehole and 4 spring water). Helminth egg of Ascaris lumbricoides was detected from unimproved common dugwell which had very high risk of contamination. Appropriate of water treatment prior to consumption is vastly important. Physical improvement to construct improved dugwell should be done to prevent contamination from helminth eggs in watersources.Kata Kunci: Anchylostoma duodenale, Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba Sp, Trichuris trichuria Abstract Diare merupakan penyakit yang banyak disebabkan karena mengkonsumsi makanan/minuman yang terkontaminasi. Masyarakat kumuh perkotaan mempunyai risiko sangat tinggi menderita diare terutama disebabkan higiene sanitasi yang buruk serta kurangnya akses terhadap air bersih yang tidak terkontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi pencemaran air bersih oleh parasit yaitu Entamoeba Sp. dan telur cacing (Anchylostoma duodenale, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichuria) di salah satu wilayah kumuh di Kota Bandung. Sampel pada penelitian ini berupa 123 sampel air bersih (74 sampel PDAM, 21 sampel sumur bor, 22 sampel sumur gali, dan 6 sampel mata air) yang diambil secara acak sederhana dari 10 RW di Kelurahan Tamansari bantaran Sungai Cikapundung Kota Bandung pada bulan Juli-September 2015. Sampel diperiksa menggunakan metode PCR dengan genus-specific primer untuk pemeriksaan Entamoeba Sp dan pemeriksaan mikroskopik untuk telur cacing . Sebanyak 90 dari 123 sampel positif mengandung Entamoeba Sp. dengan rincian 59 sampel PDAM, 16 sampel sumur gali, 11 sampel sumur bor, dan 4 sampel mata air. Telur cacing Ascaris lumbricoides ditemukan pada satu sumur gali umum yang tidak terlindungi dengan tingkat risiko terkontaminasi sangat tinggi. Pengolahan air bersih secara tepat sebelum dikonsumsi sangat diperlukan. Perbaikan fisik sumur gali agar menjadi sumur terlindungi harus dilakukan untuk mencegah kontaminasi telur cacing pada sumber air.

Nyamuk memiliki peran penting sebagai vektor penyakit menular seperti demam berdarah dengue, malaria, filariasis, demam kuning, dan chikungunya sehingga keberadaan nyamuk perlu dikontrol. Pengawasan tempat perindukan nyamuk akan membantu pihak berwenang untuk merancang pengendalian kepadatan nyamuk. Pertumbuhan larva nyamuk dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan seperti suhu air, kelembapan udara, dan pH air. Kondisi tersebut dapat bervariasi karena perbedaan geografis, variasi musiman, atau bahkan perubahan iklim.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontainer potensial dan kondisi lingkungannya sebagai tempat perindukan nyamuk di Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan mengamati larva nyamuk dalam wadah air baik di dalam maupun di luar gedung fakultas. Kondisi lingkungan (pH, suhu dan kelembapan) diukur dan dicatat selama pengamatan untuk setiap kontainer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 582 kontainer yang diteliti terdapat 72 (12,4%) positif larva nyamuk. Kontainer yang paling potensial di dalam bangunan adalah ember, sedangkan di luar bangunan adalah bambu Aedes sp. Mendominasi penemuan larva di lapangan. Suhu air rerata yang diperoleh adalah 24,3 o C, kelembapan 66,7% dan pH 8,1. Kondisi suhu dan pH sesuai dengan kondisi optimum perkembangan larva pada umumnya. Sementara tingkat kelembapan yang lebih rendah (kelembapan 81,6-89,5%) masih mampu membuat larva nyamuk tumbuh dengan baik di Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor.

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Potential of zoonotic gastrointestinal nematode infection from livestock in Indonesia is still often overlooked. Farms with a risk for nematodes infection would create a risk of infecting the local community with zoonotic gastrointestinal nematodes. This study aimed to assess the risk of gastrointestinal nematodes from goats that have zoonotic potential in Cibeureum Wetan, Sumedang, and to identify the incidence of nematodes infection among goats. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in August to November 2019 with a total of 52 samples of feces collected directly from goat’s rectum to prevent soil contamination. Sampling was performed randomly from goats raised at the Agriculture and Self-Sustaining Village Training Center (Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Pedesaan Swadaya, P4S) Simpay Tampomas, Sumedang, Indonesia. The GPS point of the sampling location was recorded. Samples were then examined using the concentration sedimentation method at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Results showed that 22 of 52 samples were positive for gastrointestinal helminth eggs, contained of Bunostomum sp., Strongyloides sp., Haemmonchus sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Toxocara sp. and Trichuris sp. The nematode parasites found are parasites that often infect goats.

Diarrhea is a waterborne disease due to consumption of contaminated food/water. People in urban slum area have highest risk to get diarrhea because of poor hygiene and sanitation as well as limited access to uncontaminated water. This study aimed to identify conta­mination in watersources by Entamoeba Sp and helmint eggs (Anchylostoma duodenale, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichuria) in one of urban slum area in Bandung municipality. Samples were taken from 123 watersources (74 tap water, 21 borehole, 22 dugwell and 6 spring water) which was randomly selected in 10 RW along the Cikapundung river basin in Tamansari subdistrict during period of July-September 2015. Water samples were examined by PCR to detect Entamoeba Sp and microscopic identification for helminth eggs. 90 out of 123 samples were positive for Entamoeba Sp (59 tap water, 16 dugwell, 11 borehole and 4 spring water). Helminth egg of Ascaris lumbricoides was detected from unimproved common dugwell which had very high risk of contamination. Appropriate of water treatment prior to consumption is vastly important. Physical improvement to construct improved dugwell should be done to prevent contamination from helminth eggs in watersources.