Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is one of the most potential plants for biodiesel feedstock because of its high oil content. Mechanical extraction using screw press is one method to get oil from nyamplung seed. Result of the extraction is affected by the seed's condition, such as moisture content and particle size. The paper presents experimental results that estimate the vegetable oil production potential of C. inophyllum. The results show the effect of C. inophyllum seed moisture content and particle size on oil yield, andthe characteristics of C. inophyllum oil.The seed moisture contents used in this experiment are 0%, 1.2%, and 20%, whereas the average seed particle size used are 0.81, 2.90, and 8.60 mm. The C. inophyllum fruits were obtained from Cipatujah Sub-district, Tasikmalaya Regency. The methods used include fruit and seed preparation, seed moisture content and particle size conditioning, mechanical extraction, oil characteristics analysis, and C. inophyllum oil production potential calculation. The optimum seed moisture content to obtain high oil yield is 1.2% which yields 33.39%oil, while the optimum seed particle size to obtain high oil yield is 8.60 mm which yields 33.46% oil. The bigger the particle size will affect on higher oil yield. From this research, it can be concluded that the trees in Cipatujahhave potential to produce C. inophyllum oil up to 5.13 L/tree/year. C. inophyllum oil yield is effected by seed moisture content and particle size, and it has characteristics that support its utilization as biodiesel feedstock.

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Propolis and honey produced by stingless bees are regarded as high economic value products due to their bioactive components, which are significantly influenced by conditions at the cultivation location. This study investigated the effect of cultivation location on the amount and quality of propolis and honey produced by Tetragonula laeviceps cultivated in Modular Tetragonula Hives. Fifteen bee colonies were cultivated for at least three months in coffee plantations at two different locations, namely Cibodas and Cileunyi Wetan, Indonesia. The propolis was harvested from the hives and then evaluated to compare product quality from each location. The average production of propolis in both locations was found to lie in the range of 4.26-4.54 g/colony/month with a flavonoid content of 11.4-14.8 mg/g qE. Meanwhile, the average production of honey in both locations after eight months of cultivation was found to lie in the range of 0.93-1.44 g/colony/month. The vitamin C content of the honey obtained from both locations was 17.2-69.5 mg/100 g with an IC 50 of 1188-1341 mg/L, in terms of its ability to inhibit the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. This study shows that cultivation of stingless bees on a coffee plantation in the studied locations has the potential to provide sustainable production of propolis and honey from T. laeviceps.

Increasing markets for biopharmaceuticals, including monoclonal antibodies, have triggered a permanent need for bioprocess optimization. Biochemical engineering approaches often include the optimization of basal and feed media to improve productivities of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell cultures. Often, l‐tyrosine is added as dipeptide to deal with its poor solubility at neutral pH. Showcasing IgG1 production with CHO cells, we investigated the supplementation of three l‐tyrosine (TYR, Y) containing dipeptides: glycyl‐l‐tyrosine (GY), l‐tyrosyl‐l‐valine (YV), and l‐prolyl‐l‐tyrosine (PY). While GY and YV led to almost no phenotypic and metabolic differences compared to reference samples, PY significantly amplified TYR uptake thus maximizing related catabolic activity. Consequently, ATP formation was roughly four times higher upon PY application than in reference samples.

Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa is one of the potential marine natural resource commodities in Karawang Regency, Indonesia. The G. verrucosa-enriched bar soap is one of the added value products that can be developed from seaweed since it has a potential antiseptic function for human skin. Also, the seaweed-enriched bar soap sale can give more incomes for the seaweed farmers and coastal community in Karawang Regency. This study aims to produce bar soap with the addition of different seaweed G. verrucosa formulation and to examine the sensory, physicochemical, and bioactivity characteristics of G. verrucosa-enriched bar soap. This study applied five variants: the bar soap with extract of water + 250 ppm of seaweed (W250), extract of water + 500 ppm of seaweed (W500), extract of water + 750 ppm of seaweed (W750), extract of ethanol + 750 ppm of seaweed (E750), and seaweed pulp (SWP). The bar soap of variant W500 has the highest attributes according to the sensory and physicochemical analysis, while the variant SWP has the highest bioactivity parameter. From the results, the bar soap of variant W500 and SWP can be the candidates for further product development.