Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide, making up 21% of all cancer cases. With 345,000 deaths per year owing to the disease, there is an urgent need to optimize prostate cancer care. This systematic review collated and synthesized findings of completed Phase III clinical trials administering immunotherapy; a current clinical trial index (2022) of all ongoing Phase I–III clinical trial records was also formulated. A total of four Phase III clinical trials with 3588 participants were included administering DCVAC, ipilimumab, personalized peptide vaccine, and the PROSTVAC vaccine. In this original research article, promising results were seen for ipilimumab intervention, with improved overall survival trends. A total of 68 ongoing trial records pooling in 7923 participants were included, spanning completion until June 2028. Immunotherapy is an emerging option for patients with prostate cancer, with immune checkpoint inhibitors and adjuvant therapies forming a large part of the emerging landscape. With various ongoing trials, the characteristics and premises of the prospective findings will be key in improving outcomes in the future.

Objective: To know the demographic representation along with possible ENT manifestations of Black Stone Poisoning. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Emergency and Wards in Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: April 2018 to December 2018. Material & Methods: The study was executed in total of 156 Patients with history of Black stone ingestion in Emergency and wards in Nishtar Hospital Multan. All included patients were having history of black stone ingestion along with ENT complications following black stone intake. All cases were excluded who were dead or unresponsive. Results: Most of the cases, 119 (76.3%) were females, between the age group of 11-20 years (41.66%) and 129 (82.7%) belonged to rural areas. Out of 156 subjects, 137 (87.8%) ingested black stone with intentions of suicide. It was noted that 102 (74.4%) patients ingested black stone due to family related issues. Most common ENT manifestations were hoarseness of voice in 149 (95.5%), uvula and pillars edema in 143 (91.7%), tongue edema in 140 (89.7%) and neck swelling in 131 (84.0%). Conclusion: Women more than men, young people more than any of the other ages, rural population more than urban and people living in stressful environment are prone to Black stone ingestion. Lips and tongue edema, neck swelling, odynophagia, vestibulitis, limited mouth opening, ulceration of buccal and nasal mucosa and epistaxis are the commonest ENT manifestations of black stone poisoning.