Organic matter, fertilizers, and soil amendments are essential for sustainable agricultural practices to guarantee soil productivity. However, these materials can increase the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CH4 and N2O. Thus, technologies for reducing GHG emissions in concert with the increase in rice production from rice fields are needed. The objectives of this study were to determine the best chicken manure (CM) and steel slag (SS) combination to mitigate CH4, N2O, and CO2 emissions in an incubation experiment, to identify the best CM:SS ameliorant mixture to mitigate CH4 and N2O, and to evaluate dry biomass and grain yield in a pot experiment. A randomized block design was established with four treatments, namely conventional (chemical fertilizer only) and three combinations of different ratios of CM and SS (1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2.5), with five replications in a pot experiment. CM:SS (1:2.5) was identified as the best treatment for mitigating CH4, N2O, and CO2 in the incubation experiment. However, CM:SS (1:1.5) was the best CM and SS ameliorant for mitigating CH4 and N2O in the pot experiment. The global warming potential of CH4 and N2O revealed that CM:SS (1:1.5) had the lowest value. None of the combinations of CM and SS significantly increased dry biomass and grain yield.

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This study shows that Indonesia welcomed the Copenhagen Accord in an attempt to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia through a set of policies made by the central government. One of the most important policy documents is the National Action Plan on Greenhouse Gas, which is adjusted to conditions of various provinces in Indonesia that eventually produced Local Action Plan on Greenhouse Gas. This attempt is followed by numerous challenging factors that serve as stumbling blocks in the process of greenhouse gas reduction in the Province of South Sulawesi.

Alat yang digunakan adalah tali rafia, gunting, meteran, penggaris, pasak, tongkat, digital lux meter, anymetre, alat tulis dan kamera. Bahan yang digunakan adalah ekosistem Hutan Universitas Diponegoro dan Kebun Pisang Mulawarman sebagai objek pengamatan. Adapun tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami perbedaan jumlah karbon sequestrasi di lokasi penelitian. Metode pengamatan adalah dengan cara lahan dibuat plot 20mx25m, didalamnya dibuat plot 5mx5m, dan didalamnya dibuat lagi plot 1mx1m sebanyak 3 kali. Plot 20mx25m dianalisis jumlah, keliling, diameter, tinggi pohon. Plot 1x1 m dibuat plot 20cmx20cm sebanyak 5 kali, dihitung ketebalan seresah. Tumbuhan pada plot 20m x 25m dianalisis karakteristik, faktor biotik dan abiotik yang ada di Ekosistem Hutan dan Ekosistem Monokultur. Hasil penelititan faktor abiotik menunjukkan perbedaan suhu, kelembaban, intensitas radiasi matahari di dalam dan diluar area naungan.

This study aims to analyze the role of mamak in fostering the morals of nephews in Nagari Lilinutan, Lubuk Alung District, Padang Pariaman Regency. A qualitative approach is used in uncovering facts from the phenomenon of this research topic, collecting data using observation, interviews and document studies. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the research data was tested using a triangulation technique covering 4 aspects, namely interval validity, internal validity, reliability and objectivity. The results of this study concluded that the morals displayed by nephews in the Nagari Lilinutan were classified as obedient, kind, and controlled by their social level. This is the result of the mamak's central role in providing moral guidance for nephews in accordance with Minangkabau customary law. The supporting factors for the role of mamak in this context include; nephew's self-awareness of the importance of having good morals, government support for customary preservation practices, and mutual respect between mamak and nephew. While the inhibiting factors include family economic factors, the times, social conditions, juvenile delinquency, and disagreements with each other.