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Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is an important bacterial disease in rice leading to heavy yield and economic losses. In current investigation, the rice leaf samples from infested regions were screened for Xoo strains linked to incidence of this disease. Subsequently, 17 different isolates were identified based on Gram staining, KOH assay and PCR analysis. Moreover, the percentage diseases incidence and weight loss of 1000-grains of each sample from four zones of rice production were recorded. Both biochemical test exhibited red stained and rod like Gram-ve bacteria. In addition, the molecular recognition by means of a 16S rRNA universal primer revealed DNA amplification in 15 out of 17 isolates which confirmed the pathogen as "Xoo". The data assessed for disease incidence in all investigated districts ranged between 70.12%-49.23%. While, the maximum and minimum weight losses of 17.84% and 11.17% from Sialkot and Narowal were recorded respectively. The application of such tools for Xoo detection and its impact on crop yield are contested in this investigation.

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The present study was conducted to check the impact of weeds on diversity of soil arthropods in Bt cotton field by using RCBD design with four treatments and three replications at Research Area of Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Treatments were consisted of different combination of weeds and control group Total 228 samples were collected and from these samples 14 different taxons of soil arthropods were reported and from these taxons, mites showed high diversity index. Maximum diversity of soil arthropods was recorded (H´=2.07) from itsit + sawanki and minimum diversity of soil arthropods was recorded (H´=1.90) from itsit + chulai. Maximum mean richness of soil arthropods ( S=3.18±0.24) was reported from Itsit+chulai, while minimum mean richness of soil arthropods (S=3±0.23) was reported from Control group. Maximum mean abundance of soil arthropods (14.7±4.11) was reported from Itsit+sawanki while minimum mean abundance of soil arthropods (11.5±2.26) was reported from control group.

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