L-carnitine (L-car) is a trimethylated amino acid required for the transformation oflong chain free fatty acids into acylcarnitine and their subsequent transport into the mitochondrialmatrix. It enhances the fatty acid oxidation for energy thus delaying the skeletal muscle fatigue.Objectives: Objectives of this study were to determine effect of L-carnitine supplementation onskeletal muscle lactate after fatigue, to observe effect of L-carnitine supplementation on forceof contraction in skeletal muscle and to estimate the time to onset of fatigue after L-carnitinesupplementation. Animals & treatment: In control group, the rabbit sedated and soleusmuscle was excised, Homogenized and centrifuged. Supernatant collected, was mixed withreagents of lactate test kit. Absorbance of light was read with the help of spectrophotometerand readings were noted. In experimental group, L-carnitine was given in a dose of 80mg / kg.The period of administration was two weeks. Soleus muscle was excised after giving the lastdose of L-carnitine.Lactate level was measured by using lactate test kit (Randox®). Readings forlactate measurement were noted after fatigue in both groups. Results: Statistically significantresults (p <0.05) were found in all three variables. Data was analyzed by applying “t” test in IBMSPSS Statistics - 20 soft ware. Conclusion: L -carnitine delays the onset of fatigue of skeletalmuscle. This was the stated alternative hypothesis.

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ABSTRACT… Objectives:To have a look on the effect of sea life by checking blood pressure and testing blood fasting sugar, total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides of the sea farers deployed on different positions at ship. Study design: This was a cross sectional descriptive and clinical study. Setting: Port Health Department, Kemari, Karachi. Period: 1 st October 2016 to 22 April 2017. Methods: Random sampling was done and a total 62 personnel from different branches of ships were selected. The study subjects aged ≥ 25 belonging to different shipping companies were called at Port health dispensary for collection of blood sample and checking of blood pressure. Height and weight measurement was done and also smoking history was revealed. Blood Tests, fasting sugar, HDL, Cholesterol, and Triglycerides were performed. Results: Overall the age range was 25 -55 years and a mean of +/-SD of 38.95 +/-8.57. Maximum population was of the age group 36 -45 years. Hypertension both systolic and diastolic in all seafarer (100%) was the main findings. HDL and Triglycerides were also found grossly raised. Age, height, weight, and smoking history data showed non-significant (P>0.05) results. Also, Professional categories and laboratory findings results were not found significant P >0.05. Conclusion: Seafaring is one of the hard profession which terribly affect the health of sea farers. Preventive measures at primary and secondary level to be organized and implemented.

Objectives: To have a look on the effect of sea life by checking blood pressureand testing blood fasting sugar, total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides of the sea farersdeployed on different positions at ship. Study design: This was a cross sectional descriptiveand clinical study. Setting: Port Health Department, Kemari, Karachi. Period: 1st October2016 to 22 April 2017. Methods: Random sampling was done and a total 62 personnel fromdifferent branches of ships were selected. The study subjects aged ≥ 25 belonging to differentshipping companies were called at Port health dispensary for collection of blood sample andchecking of blood pressure. Height and weight measurement was done and also smokinghistory was revealed. Blood Tests, fasting sugar, HDL, Cholesterol, and Triglycerides wereperformed. Results: Overall the age range was 25 – 55 years and a mean of +/- SD of 38.95+/- 8.57. Maximum population was of the age group 36 – 45 years. Hypertension both systolicand diastolic in all seafarer (100%) was the main findings. HDL and Triglycerides were alsofound grossly raised. Age, height, weight, and smoking history data showed non-significant(P>0.05) results. Also, Professional categories and laboratory findings results were not foundsignificant P >0.05. Conclusion: Seafaring is one of the hard profession which terribly affectthe health of sea farers. Preventive measures at primary and secondary level to be organizedand implemented.