Objective: To determine the incidence of surgical site infection among patients with hip fracture and undergo a surgical procedure for management. And to spotlight on the risk factors which may lead to surgical site infection among them. Also, to look for other complications following the surgery. Methods: This is a descriptive, correlational cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted at Orthopedic Department, Mohammad Medical College and Hospital Mirpurkhas, Pakistan for one-year duration from March 2019 to March 2020. All patients had hip fracture and received management at the department of orthopedic. All patients were adults and older than 20 years of age. Data was analyzed using SPSS program. Results: The study included 103 patients who had hip fractures. The most frequent age group was 40-50 years. Patients had a mix of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for developing surgical site infection. The incidence rate of surgical site infection in this study was 3.2%. It was correlated to having hypertension and diabetes as complications. Conclusion: This study aimed to spotlight on the SSI following hip surgeries and to look for complications and risk factors. We noticed that the SSI rate among the study populations is almost similar as the worldwide range. This is due to the agreed protocol for managing patients. However, there is a need for log-term follow up for our patient to discover the cases of delayed SSI.

Aim: To evaluate the results of illizarov external fixation using ligamentotaxis technique in high-energy plateau fractures of the tibia. Methodology: The external fixation of illizarov external fixation using ligamentotaxis was performed in 32 patients aged 18-50 years due to high-energy plateau fractures of the tibia. 18 on the right knee and 14 on the left knee. 28had closed wound and four had open wound fractures. According to the classification of Schatzker’s; classification was carried out for fractures. After two years (range 12 to 24 months) of follow-up, each affected knee was assessed using the Knee Society Score (KSS). Results: There were 24Schatzker type VI and eight type V fractures of the tibia. Complications included deep infection in two cases, one patient had pin tract infection, deep vein thrombosis in two patients and one had fusional defect. The knee motionmean range was 120 degrees of flexion and six degrees of deficiency in extension. According to the KSS criteria, the outcomes were excellent in 22 patients (68.75%), 4 patients (12.5%)have good results, moderate in 5 patients (15.65%) and weak in 1 patient (3.12%). Conclusion: Ilizarov External fixation gives good anatomicalreduction of joint surface, earlypainfreewt bear, stable fixation and maintain soft tissue envelope without major complications.

Aims and Objectives: The goal of this study was to see the outcome of open reduction and internal fixation for ankle fractures. Methods: A prospective analysis of 40 ankle fractures of adult patients handled surgically using diverse approaches in the period from January 2019 to January 2020 at the Orthopedic department of SMBBIT, Dow University of Medical and Health Sciences. Karachi Pakistan. The ankle grading system developed by Baird and Jackson was used to assess the functional result. Results: We achieved 87.5 percent outstanding to good outcomes, 6.3 percent fair outcomes, and 6.2 percent bad outcomes in our study. The findings were comparable to those of other researchers around the world. Interpretation and Conclusion: In 87.5 percent of patients, the operational results were satisfactory, with good to outstanding functional outcomes. With stable fracture fixation, excellent outcomes are attained. Cancellous screws are better for internal fixation of the medial malleolus, while Malleolar screws are superior for that task. For ankle fractures treated surgically, patients may expect to have satisfactory function thereafter.

The unique characteristics of natural honey obtained in any source in topical chronic nonhealing ulcers have been decreased discomfort, oedema, inflammation, deodorization, disinfect, neo-vascularization, collagen synthesis, granulation, epithelization and hence the ulcer treatment method. In that study, 200 patients were treated in a forward-looking, unrandomized experiment, with persistent, unhealing ulcers found in various areas of their body in the two groups keeping 100 in Group A and used honey dressing and Group B managed without using honey. Natural honey from multiple sources has been used. The main explanation for reduced mobility and loss of work illustrates productivity being pain and fever. The leading causes of healing delays were bacterial infection, necrotic tissue involvement, bedridden state, age, fatigue, Ulcer located near the joint. The quality, the simplicity of application and the efficiency make the control of recurrent nonhealing Ulcers easier for natural honey. For low cost, easy access, and improved healing make it a valuable option for natural honey to handle chronic, nonhealing ulcers, as well as healthy use in diabetic patients.

Background: Significant articular depression, separation of both condyles, diaphyseal comminution and dissociation, and loss of soft-tissue envelope integrity are all associated with high-energy proximal tibia fractures (Schatzker VI). Over the past 50 years, there has been a lot of research on plating problems in these complicated fractures. For the care of these complex injuries, Ilizarov devised a new method (ring fixator). Aim of the Study: To examine the outcomes of patients who received a ring fixator for the treatment of high-energy proximal tibia fractures (Schatzker VI). Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients (mean age 36) were treated with the Ilizarov fixator and transfixion wires for high-energy fractures of the proximal tibia (Schatzker VI). Nine of the patients had open fractures, and five of them had significant soft tissue damage. They were all tracked for an average of 19.4 months. The result was analyzed using the criteria set by Honkonen & Jarvinen (1992). Results: Thirteen fractures healed in an average of 14.6 weeks, with one taking six months. Twelve patients recovered complete extension, while eight others regained more than 110 degrees of flexion. All of the patients knees were stable, except one who had a minor varus deformity. Nine patients walked normally, while four had a little limp. Except for one, all of the knees exhibited an articular step-off of less than 4 mm and normal axial alignment. Six knees were found to be outstanding, five to be decent, and three to be fair. There were no instances of postoperative skin infection or septic arthritis, however, three patients did have a pin tract infection that was effectively managed. Conclusion: The technique is suitable for the treatment of complex proximal tibia fractures when there is substantial comminution at the fracture site as well as soft tissue damage (Schatzker VI).