The present study aimed to determine different planting distances on the growth of Kappaphycus Alvarez using the longline method. The present study was conducted from September to October 2018 in Mandar Bay, West Sulawesi. Water quality measurement was performed in situ during the study period, including temperature, salinity, pH, turbidity, and water current and data collected on the specific and absolute growth of seaweed. Prior to study, buoys, rope, length measurement device, and anchor were prepared for seaweed cultivation. The long-line method was applied for seaweed cultivation, and the seed of Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii obtained from local seaweed farmers. A total of 10 stretches rope using different planting distance of 15 cm (P1), 30 cm (P2), 45 cm (P3), and 60 cm (P4). The cultivation was carried out for 5 weeks. The results showed that the highest specific growth rate and absolute growth were obtained from P3 in which the absolute growth reached 165 gr, and the specific growth rate was 0.14%, respectively. This finding suggested that different planting distance affects the growth of seaweed. In addition, the environmental parameters for seaweed cultivation were still considered in optimum condition for cultivation.

Organic or biological fertilizer liquid is generally used to improve crop quality in plants grown in-vivo. Liquid organic and inorganic fertilizers have been used as in vitro culture media for orchids and patchouli; it is suspected that liquid biological fertilizers can also be used as in vitro growth medium. The research was conducted to determine the effect of liquid biological fertilizer (LBF) on the growth medium and development of dwarf coconut embryo culture. The study was conducted in laboratory tissue culture Palma Crops Research Institute, December 2020 - May 2021. The study used live combinations of culture mediums, and each used ten explants of dwarf coconut embryos. The results showed that on Eeuwens Y3 100% + 100% sugar medium, all experienced browning, three green shoots (live), and seven brown shoots (dead), the average shoot length was 2.9 cm. Medium LBF 100% without sugar does not undergo browning, and the embryo does not develop. LBF 50% + Eeuwens Y3 50% + 50 % sugar best medium: a minor browning, the highest number of green shoots (8 shoots), average shoot length was 4.1 cm.