This review article forms a guideline for LIBS contribution in coal analysis, encompassing fundamental aspects, operation modes, data processing, and analytical results. LIBS applications related to coal utilization are also highlighted (fly ash analysis and combustion monitoring).

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Quantitative analysis of steel by a handheld μ-LIBS device using dominant factor based PLS combined with standardization is presented and results are compared with conventional PLS and a handheld XRF device.

Modulating the laser induced plasma and improving the signal quality of LIBS by beam shaping.