Synergism of Piper aduncum and Tephrosia vogelii Extracts against the Rice Yellow Stem Borer, ScirpophagaincertulasRice (Oryza sativa) is one of the important staple food crops in the world. One of the important pests on riceis the rice yellow stem borer (RYSB) Scirpophaga incertulas . One of the alternative control techniques thatcan be applied is by using botanical insecticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the synergismbetween Piper aduncum fruit and Tephrosia vogelii leaf extracts against RYSB larvae. P. aduncum and T.vogelii extracts, either tested separately or in mixtures with concentration ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, wereeffective against RYSB larvae. The treatments with these extracts caused death in YRSB larvae at 72 hoursafter treatment in which the affected larvae showed internal tissue damage symptom. The most toxic testmaterial to RYSB larvae was P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture with a concentration ratio of 1:2.LC50 and LC95 of P. aduncum extract were 0.175% and 0.126%, respectively, while those of T. vogelii extractwere 1.620% and 2.075%, respectively. P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture with 1:1 ratio had LC500.056% and LC95 0.143%, while that with 2:1 ratio had LC50 0.025% and LC95 0.149%. LC50 and LC95 of themixture with 1:2 ratio were 0.016% and 0.083%, respectively. P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture atthe three concentration ratios were more effective than P. aduncum and T. vogelii extracts appliedseparately and synergistic to RYSB larvae.Keywords: Botanical Insecticide, Piper aduncum, Scirpophaga incertulas , Synergism, Tephrosia vogelii .AbstrakPadi (Oryza sativa) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting pangan dunia. Salah satu hama penting padatanaman padi adalah penggerek batang padi kuning, Scirpophaga incertulas . Salah satu cara pengendalianyang dapat diterapkan adalah dengan menggunakan insektisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmenentukan sinergisme ekstrak buah Piper aduncum dan daun Tephrosia vogelii terhadap larva S.incertulas . Perlakuan ekstrak P. aduncum dan T. vogelii baik secara terpisah maupun campuran pada nisbahkonsentrasi 1:1, 2:1, dan 1:2 efektif terhadap larva S. incertulas . Perlakuan ini dapat menimbulkan kematianpada S. incertulas dengan gejala kerusakan jaringan larva instar 1 pada 72 jam setelah perlakuan. Bahan ujiyang paling beracun terhadap larva S. incertulas adalah campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan T. vogelii dengannisbah konsentrasi 1:2. LC50 dan LC95 ekstrak P. aduncum masing-masing 0,175% dan 0,126%. Sementara ituLC50 dan LC95 ekstrak T. vogelii masing-masing 1,620% dan 2,075%. Campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan T.vogelii pada nisbah konsentrasi 1:1 memiliki LC50 0,056% dan LC95 0,143%. Sementara itu campuran ekstraktersebut pada nisbah konsentrasi 2:1 memiliki LC50 0,025% dan LC95 0,149%. LC50 dan LC95 campuranekstrak tersebut pada nisbah konsentrasi 1:2 masing-masing 0,016% dan 0,083%. Campuran ekstrak P.aduncum dan T. vogelii pada ketiga nisbah konsentrasi lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan ekstraktunggalnya dan bersifat sinergis terhadap larva S. incertulas .Kata kunci: Insektisida Nabati, Piper aduncum, Tephrosia vogelii , Scirpophaga incertulas , Sinergisme.

Changes in the character of skills training customers towards the era of online learning due to the COVID19 pandemic have created a gap between business planning and reality. Therefore it is necessary to do intervene through strategic planning that considering stakeholder expectations as well as managing various factors that affect business sustainability. The aims of this study: (1) To identify strategic factors of business;(2) To formulate sustainable business development strategies. This research uses a descriptive approach through a case study at GHI Training during October and November 2020. Research data processing using IE matrix and TLBMC. Based on the evaluation results obtained 17 external strategic factors with an EFE score of 3,00 and 15 internal strategic factors with an IFE score of 2,87. The company is in a strong internal position and can respond well to opportunities and threats. Through the IE matrix, the company is placed in a hold and maintain position, so it is advisable to focus on the strategy of market penetration and product development. Essentially, from a theoretical and practical point of view, the use of TLBMC can help management to see comprehensively the company's business model and its relation to business sustainability.