Raising the levels of sex steroids in rats revealed positive effects on bone formation in the midpalatal suture in response to expansion. Increased sex steroid levels can reduce the time needed for retention.

BackgroundNarrow maxilla is a common problem in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. To solve this problem, a procedure called rapid maxillary expansion (RME) has been used. However, relapse tendency is a major problem of RME. Although relapse tendency is not clearly understood, various treatment procedures and new applications have been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effectiveness of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on new bone formation in rat midpalatal suture after RME.Materials and methodsTwenty male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into two groups as control and CAPE group. In the CAPE group, CAPE was administered systemically via intraperitoneal injection. RME procedure was performed on all animals. For this purpose, the springs were placed on the maxillary incisors of rats and activated for 5 days. After then, the springs were removed and replaced with short lengths of rectangular retaining wire for consolidation period of 15 days. At the end of the study, histomorphometric analysis was carried out to assess new bone formation.ResultsNew bone formation was significantly greater in the CAPE group than the control group (P<0.05). CAPE enhances new bone formation in midpalatal suture after RME.ConclusionThese results show that CAPE may decrease the time needed for retention.

BackgroundOrthodontic appliances can enhance plaque accumulation, and this can cause gingival inflammation. Halitosis of oral origin is associated with microbial metabolism on the tongue and in the saliva, dental plaque, and the amount of volatile sulfide-containing compounds. This study used a Halimeter to investigate fixed orthodontic therapy-associated increases in the oral malodor over a year.MethodsThirteen orthodontic patients with Angle Class I malocclusions receiving fixed orthodontic therapy formed the study group, and 12 dental students without any dental treatment formed the control group. The Halimeter was used to examine oral malodor by detecting volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were also measured in both groups. The subjects in the study group had one visit before the orthodontic treatment started and seven visits during orthodontic therapy (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 months after bonding), while the subjects in the control group had three visits, once per subsequent month.ResultsOral malodor was significantly increased in the fixed orthodontic treatment group during treatment (p < .05). Increases were also observed in the PI, GI, and PPD measures (p < .05). The results of the control group were stable (p > .05).ConclusionOral malodor increased during fixed orthodontic treatments and reached a critical level 7 months later.

Anah tar Ke li me ler Üzüm, ekspansiyon, sıçan, retansiyon Amaç: Medyan sutürün maksiller genişletilmesi ortodonti sıklıkla yapılan bir uygulamadır. Retansiyon sonrasında bile genişlemiş sutürde geriye gidiş görülebilmektedir. Amacımız bu sutürdeki genişlemedeki kemikleşmeyi hızlandırmak ve kemikleşmeye etkisi olan üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi kullanarak retansiyon süresini kısaltmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yirmi adet rat iki gruba ayrıldı (n=20). Kontrol grubuna sadece ekspansiyon yapıldı. Deney grubuna ise ekspansiyona ilaveten üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi verildi. Deney grubuna ekspansiyon sonrası orogastrik yöntemle sistemik olarak ekstreler verildi. Maksillaya springler uygulanıp aktiflendi. Beş gün sonra springler çıkartıldı ve köşeli tellerle retansiyon yapıldı. On iki gün pekiştirme yapıldı. Bulgular: İki grup arasında yeni kemik alanı (p<0,05) ve yüzdeleri (p<0,05) açısından anlamlı farklılıklar görüldü. İncelenen parametreler açısından, deney grubu daha iyi sonuçlar verdi. Sonuç: Çene genişletmesinin erken dönemlerinde sistemik üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi uygulanmasının midpalatal sutürde kemik oluşumunu artırdığı ve retansiyon süresini kısalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Objective: Widening the inter-maxillary suture is a preferred procedure in orthodontics. However, relapse can occur in some patients after maxillary expansion therapy. This study aimed to increase bone formation in the inter-maxillary suture and decrease retention time with the help of grape seed extract (GS), which can stimulate bone tissue formation. Materials and Methods: A total of twenty rats were separated into the following two groups (n=20): the control group (group C) comprised rats that received only maxillary expansion therapy, and the other group (group GS) comprised rats that received maxillary expansion therapy along with GS. The grape seeds were systemically administered using an orogastric tube after maxillary expansion in group GS. Expansion springs were placed and activated to produce force. The springs were taken from the mouth 5 days later and exchanged with short rectangular wires for retention. This retention wire was placed for 12 days. Results: Significant differences were found in the percentage of newly formed bone (p<0.05) and bone area (p<0.05) between the two groups. Moreover, group GS had better bone formation than group C. Conclusion: Systemic use of GS during the stages of the orthopaedic expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture area increases newly formed bone and decreases the retention time.

Maxillary expansion of the median palatal suture is a common procedure in orthodontics. Even after retention, there is a strong tendency to relapse in the expanded suture. The authors' objectives are to accelerate the bone formation process in the expanded suture and to reduce the required retention time by using an energy drink (ED). Twenty rats were divided into 2 groups (n = 20). The expansion-only group was defined as the control group (Group C). The other group was defined as the expansion-plus-energy drink group (Group ED). In Group ED, ED was administered systemically through oro-gastric tubes after the expansion period. After 5 days of expansion, the springs were removed and replaced with short lengths of rectangular retaining wire. Tooth separation was maintained for 12 days. Histomorphometric analysis showed significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of newly formed bone (P = 0.018) and the bone area (P = 0.007). For the parameters that were investigated, Group ED had better results than Group C. These results show that systemic administration of an ED during the early stages of the orthopedic expansion of the inter-maxillary suture areas can stimulate bone formation and decrease the time required for retention.