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has been provided concerning the local palaeoclimates, and the effects of the Messinian Salinity Crisis on terrestrial areas surrounding the Mediterranean Sea are currently a matter of discussion. Therefore, the goals of this paper are to describe the mineralogy, geochemistry, and depositional environment of the Late Miocene/Pliocene fluviolacustrine deposits and associated palaeosols and calcretes within the CVP and to interpret the palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic evolution data.

Characteristic samples of Upper Cretaceous pelagic red sediments from different parts of the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey) have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive analyses (SEM/EDAX). The red sediments are composed of limestone and muddy limestone, and characterized by abundant planktonic foraminifers. Hematite content ranges from 0.5 to 3.0 wt.%. Electron microscope observations suggest that the hematite pigment has a diagenetic origin. The red colour is due to presence of hematite pigment, and indicates oxidizing conditions during early diagenesis in a relatively deep marine environment.

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