Greenways can be roughly considered as linear open spaces with connection functions. They are planned along with either natural corridors or other routes designed for multi-functional uses, and differentiated from the remainder of the landscape with its unusual potential and natural character and can be considered as linked parks or greenways. In this paper, greenway concept and the definitions offered for it were discussed. The characteristics of greenways, the benefits and liabilities, goals, landscape context and its sustainability and planning approaches were given. Then, Ankara city, the metropolitan area, was criticized. The existing potential of the urban environment, the possibilities of forming such a greenway system for Ankara, along with the valley systems of the city and their suitability for ecological and recreational purpose, were evaluated. Besides, the vitality of greenways for metropolitan areas/urban development and its positive effects on human health was emphasized.

Introduction:Today there is an accumulation of literature providing evidence for long and short term beneficial effects of living close to nature on various different health conditions ranging from psychological to physical disorders including depression, heart problems and diabetes. The results of these researches have given rise to the promotion of therapeutic gardens in outdoor spaces of healthcare establishments such as children's hospitals, assisted-living houses, rehabilitation centers, and hospices. Objective: Therapeutic gardens are outdoor garden spaces that meet the needs of the users mainly for their psychological well-being and healing. Our focus in this study is the use and maintenance of medicinal and aromatic plants in therapeutic gardens. Our objectives are to review the literature on this topic, categorize the role of medicinal and aromatic plants as a design element, and provide medicinal and aromatic plants design guidelines for therapeutic gardens. Methods: Entire literature on the topic are reviewed. A sense-system used to categorize medicinal and aromatic plants for therapeutic gardens with respect to the purpose of garden use. Results and Discussion: Design guidelines are created to aid the planning of medicinal and aromatic plants in therapeutic gardens. Conclusion: Consequently, it is given that aromatic plants are a good attempt to improve the healing environment of therapeutic gardens from an aesthetic as well as medicinal standpoint and our design guidelines provide the landscape designer with essential ingredients to efficiently incorporate medicinal and aromatic plants in designing therapeutic gardens.

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Humankind has witnessed various natural events since ancient times. Myths have been the best reflector of this situation. The plants that are given to humans as a gift by the gods, have an important place in mythology. People used plants for various purposes such as food, warming, defense, tapping their feelings, and most importantly finding healing in the history. As the ages progressed, with the development of medical science, the importance of medicinal and aromatic plants used for the purpose of healing has also increased and it has become a big market that deals with various professions. Our country has three different floristic regions, various geographical features and climate varieties. So it has a very important potential about medicinal and aromatic plants. In this study; it was given that some information about usage of the medical and aromatic plants, naturally growing in Turkey, and their myths. It was mentioned that their importance at different cultures and opportunities of usage in landscape architecture works. As a result, it is emphasized that the usage of natural plant species at landscape architectural application works and the importance of medicinal and aromatic plants at plant design works.

This paper presents a comparative study of global ductility of a reinforced concrete (RC) frame strengthened with external structural walls. The effect and suitability of the approaches used for evaluation of global yield displacement were examined. Then, using experimental and analytical methods, the variation of global ductility was investigated. In the experimental study, 1/3-scaled two plane frame systems, one unstrengthened and the other strengthened with external structural walls, were tested under lateral cyclic loads. In the analytical study, the pushover analyses of these two plane frames were performed with IDARC-2D and SAP2000. The variation in the global ductility ratio was analysed in terms of the global yielding displacement related to the system ductility by applying different approaches to the capacity curves drawn from the experimental data and analytical methods. The results showed that it was important to select a suitable approach to the evaluation of the global yield displacement, which has a vital influence on global ductility. The global ductility ratios obtained from first significant member yield (FSMY) approach and Paulay's approach are closer to the experimental results.